usb-skeleton.c 10 KB

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  1. /*
  2. * USB Skeleton driver - 2.2
  3. *
  4. * Copyright (C) 2001-2004 Greg Kroah-Hartman (greg@kroah.com)
  5. *
  6. * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
  7. * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
  8. * published by the Free Software Foundation, version 2.
  9. *
  10. * This driver is based on the 2.6.3 version of drivers/usb/usb-skeleton.c
  11. * but has been rewritten to be easier to read and use.
  12. *
  13. */
  14. #include <linux/kernel.h>
  15. #include <linux/errno.h>
  16. #include <linux/init.h>
  17. #include <linux/slab.h>
  18. #include <linux/module.h>
  19. #include <linux/kref.h>
  20. #include <asm/uaccess.h>
  21. #include <linux/usb.h>
  22. #include <linux/mutex.h>
  23. /* Define these values to match your devices */
  24. #define USB_SKEL_VENDOR_ID 0xfff0
  25. #define USB_SKEL_PRODUCT_ID 0xfff0
  26. /* table of devices that work with this driver */
  27. static struct usb_device_id skel_table [] = {
  28. { USB_DEVICE(USB_SKEL_VENDOR_ID, USB_SKEL_PRODUCT_ID) },
  29. { } /* Terminating entry */
  30. };
  31. MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(usb, skel_table);
  32. /* Get a minor range for your devices from the usb maintainer */
  33. #define USB_SKEL_MINOR_BASE 192
  34. /* our private defines. if this grows any larger, use your own .h file */
  35. #define MAX_TRANSFER (PAGE_SIZE - 512)
  36. #define WRITES_IN_FLIGHT 8
  37. /* Structure to hold all of our device specific stuff */
  38. struct usb_skel {
  39. struct usb_device *dev; /* the usb device for this device */
  40. struct usb_interface *interface; /* the interface for this device */
  41. struct semaphore limit_sem; /* limiting the number of writes in progress */
  42. unsigned char *bulk_in_buffer; /* the buffer to receive data */
  43. size_t bulk_in_size; /* the size of the receive buffer */
  44. __u8 bulk_in_endpointAddr; /* the address of the bulk in endpoint */
  45. __u8 bulk_out_endpointAddr; /* the address of the bulk out endpoint */
  46. struct kref kref;
  47. struct mutex io_mutex; /* synchronize I/O with disconnect */
  48. };
  49. #define to_skel_dev(d) container_of(d, struct usb_skel, kref)
  50. static struct usb_driver skel_driver;
  51. static void skel_delete(struct kref *kref)
  52. {
  53. struct usb_skel *dev = to_skel_dev(kref);
  54. usb_put_dev(dev->udev);
  55. kfree(dev->bulk_in_buffer);
  56. kfree(dev);
  57. }
  58. static int skel_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
  59. {
  60. struct usb_skel *dev;
  61. struct usb_interface *interface;
  62. int subminor;
  63. int retval = 0;
  64. subminor = iminor(inode);
  65. interface = usb_find_interface(&skel_driver, subminor);
  66. if (!interface) {
  67. err ("%s - error, can't find device for minor %d",
  68. __FUNCTION__, subminor);
  69. retval = -ENODEV;
  70. goto exit;
  71. }
  72. dev = usb_get_intfdata(interface);
  73. if (!dev) {
  74. retval = -ENODEV;
  75. goto exit;
  76. }
  77. /* prevent the device from being autosuspended */
  78. retval = usb_autopm_get_interface(interface);
  79. if (retval)
  80. goto exit;
  81. /* increment our usage count for the device */
  82. kref_get(&dev->kref);
  83. /* save our object in the file's private structure */
  84. file->private_data = dev;
  85. exit:
  86. return retval;
  87. }
  88. static int skel_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
  89. {
  90. struct usb_skel *dev;
  91. dev = (struct usb_skel *)file->private_data;
  92. if (dev == NULL)
  93. return -ENODEV;
  94. /* allow the device to be autosuspended */
  95. mutex_lock(&dev->io_mutex);
  96. if (dev->interface)
  97. usb_autopm_put_interface(dev->interface);
  98. mutex_unlock(&dev->io_mutex);
  99. /* decrement the count on our device */
  100. kref_put(&dev->kref, skel_delete);
  101. return 0;
  102. }
  103. static ssize_t skel_read(struct file *file, char *buffer, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
  104. {
  105. struct usb_skel *dev;
  106. int retval;
  107. int bytes_read;
  108. dev = (struct usb_skel *)file->private_data;
  109. mutex_lock(&dev->io_mutex);
  110. if (!dev->interface) { /* disconnect() was called */
  111. retval = -ENODEV;
  112. goto exit;
  113. }
  114. /* do a blocking bulk read to get data from the device */
  115. retval = usb_bulk_msg(dev->udev,
  116. usb_rcvbulkpipe(dev->udev, dev->bulk_in_endpointAddr),
  117. dev->bulk_in_buffer,
  118. min(dev->bulk_in_size, count),
  119. &bytes_read, 10000);
  120. /* if the read was successful, copy the data to userspace */
  121. if (!retval) {
  122. if (copy_to_user(buffer, dev->bulk_in_buffer, bytes_read))
  123. retval = -EFAULT;
  124. else
  125. retval = bytes_read;
  126. }
  127. exit:
  128. mutex_unlock(&dev->io_mutex);
  129. return retval;
  130. }
  131. static void skel_write_bulk_callback(struct urb *urb)
  132. {
  133. struct usb_skel *dev;
  134. dev = (struct usb_skel *)urb->context;
  135. /* sync/async unlink faults aren't errors */
  136. if (urb->status &&
  137. !(urb->status == -ENOENT ||
  138. urb->status == -ECONNRESET ||
  139. urb->status == -ESHUTDOWN)) {
  140. err("%s - nonzero write bulk status received: %d",
  141. __FUNCTION__, urb->status);
  142. }
  143. /* free up our allocated buffer */
  144. usb_buffer_free(urb->dev, urb->transfer_buffer_length,
  145. urb->transfer_buffer, urb->transfer_dma);
  146. up(&dev->limit_sem);
  147. }
  148. static ssize_t skel_write(struct file *file, const char *user_buffer, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
  149. {
  150. struct usb_skel *dev;
  151. int retval = 0;
  152. struct urb *urb = NULL;
  153. char *buf = NULL;
  154. size_t writesize = min(count, (size_t)MAX_TRANSFER);
  155. dev = (struct usb_skel *)file->private_data;
  156. /* verify that we actually have some data to write */
  157. if (count == 0)
  158. goto exit;
  159. /* limit the number of URBs in flight to stop a user from using up all RAM */
  160. if (down_interruptible(&dev->limit_sem)) {
  161. retval = -ERESTARTSYS;
  162. goto exit;
  163. }
  164. mutex_lock(&dev->io_mutex);
  165. if (!dev->interface) { /* disconnect() was called */
  166. retval = -ENODEV;
  167. goto error;
  168. }
  169. /* create a urb, and a buffer for it, and copy the data to the urb */
  170. urb = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL);
  171. if (!urb) {
  172. retval = -ENOMEM;
  173. goto error;
  174. }
  175. buf = usb_buffer_alloc(dev->udev, writesize, GFP_KERNEL, &urb->transfer_dma);
  176. if (!buf) {
  177. retval = -ENOMEM;
  178. goto error;
  179. }
  180. if (copy_from_user(buf, user_buffer, writesize)) {
  181. retval = -EFAULT;
  182. goto error;
  183. }
  184. /* initialize the urb properly */
  185. usb_fill_bulk_urb(urb, dev->udev,
  186. usb_sndbulkpipe(dev->udev, dev->bulk_out_endpointAddr),
  187. buf, writesize, skel_write_bulk_callback, dev);
  188. urb->transfer_flags |= URB_NO_TRANSFER_DMA_MAP;
  189. /* send the data out the bulk port */
  190. retval = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_KERNEL);
  191. if (retval) {
  192. err("%s - failed submitting write urb, error %d", __FUNCTION__, retval);
  193. goto error;
  194. }
  195. /* release our reference to this urb, the USB core will eventually free it entirely */
  196. usb_free_urb(urb);
  197. mutex_unlock(&dev->io_mutex);
  198. return writesize;
  199. error:
  200. if (urb) {
  201. usb_buffer_free(dev->udev, writesize, buf, urb->transfer_dma);
  202. usb_free_urb(urb);
  203. }
  204. mutex_unlock(&dev->io_mutex);
  205. up(&dev->limit_sem);
  206. exit:
  207. return retval;
  208. }
  209. static const struct file_operations skel_fops = {
  210. .owner = THIS_MODULE,
  211. .read = skel_read,
  212. .write = skel_write,
  213. .open = skel_open,
  214. .release = skel_release,
  215. };
  216. /*
  217. * usb class driver info in order to get a minor number from the usb core,
  218. * and to have the device registered with the driver core
  219. */
  220. static struct usb_class_driver skel_class = {
  221. .name = "skel%d",
  222. .fops = &skel_fops,
  223. .minor_base = USB_SKEL_MINOR_BASE,
  224. };
  225. static int skel_probe(struct usb_interface *interface, const struct usb_device_id *id)
  226. {
  227. struct usb_skel *dev;
  228. struct usb_host_interface *iface_desc;
  229. struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *endpoint;
  230. size_t buffer_size;
  231. int i;
  232. int retval = -ENOMEM;
  233. /* allocate memory for our device state and initialize it */
  234. dev = kzalloc(sizeof(*dev), GFP_KERNEL);
  235. if (!dev) {
  236. err("Out of memory");
  237. goto error;
  238. }
  239. kref_init(&dev->kref);
  240. sema_init(&dev->limit_sem, WRITES_IN_FLIGHT);
  241. mutex_init(&dev->io_mutex);
  242. dev->udev = usb_get_dev(interface_to_usbdev(interface));
  243. dev->interface = interface;
  244. /* set up the endpoint information */
  245. /* use only the first bulk-in and bulk-out endpoints */
  246. iface_desc = interface->cur_altsetting;
  247. for (i = 0; i < iface_desc->desc.bNumEndpoints; ++i) {
  248. endpoint = &iface_desc->endpoint[i].desc;
  249. if (!dev->bulk_in_endpointAddr &&
  250. usb_endpoint_is_bulk_in(endpoint)) {
  251. /* we found a bulk in endpoint */
  252. buffer_size = le16_to_cpu(endpoint->wMaxPacketSize);
  253. dev->bulk_in_size = buffer_size;
  254. dev->bulk_in_endpointAddr = endpoint->bEndpointAddress;
  255. dev->bulk_in_buffer = kmalloc(buffer_size, GFP_KERNEL);
  256. if (!dev->bulk_in_buffer) {
  257. err("Could not allocate bulk_in_buffer");
  258. goto error;
  259. }
  260. }
  261. if (!dev->bulk_out_endpointAddr &&
  262. usb_endpoint_is_bulk_out(endpoint)) {
  263. /* we found a bulk out endpoint */
  264. dev->bulk_out_endpointAddr = endpoint->bEndpointAddress;
  265. }
  266. }
  267. if (!(dev->bulk_in_endpointAddr && dev->bulk_out_endpointAddr)) {
  268. err("Could not find both bulk-in and bulk-out endpoints");
  269. goto error;
  270. }
  271. /* save our data pointer in this interface device */
  272. usb_set_intfdata(interface, dev);
  273. /* we can register the device now, as it is ready */
  274. retval = usb_register_dev(interface, &skel_class);
  275. if (retval) {
  276. /* something prevented us from registering this driver */
  277. err("Not able to get a minor for this device.");
  278. usb_set_intfdata(interface, NULL);
  279. goto error;
  280. }
  281. /* let the user know what node this device is now attached to */
  282. info("USB Skeleton device now attached to USBSkel-%d", interface->minor);
  283. return 0;
  284. error:
  285. if (dev)
  286. kref_put(&dev->kref, skel_delete);
  287. return retval;
  288. }
  289. static void skel_disconnect(struct usb_interface *interface)
  290. {
  291. struct usb_skel *dev;
  292. int minor = interface->minor;
  293. /* prevent skel_open() from racing skel_disconnect() */
  294. lock_kernel();
  295. dev = usb_get_intfdata(interface);
  296. usb_set_intfdata(interface, NULL);
  297. /* give back our minor */
  298. usb_deregister_dev(interface, &skel_class);
  299. /* prevent more I/O from starting */
  300. mutex_lock(&dev->io_mutex);
  301. dev->interface = NULL;
  302. mutex_unlock(&dev->io_mutex);
  303. unlock_kernel();
  304. /* decrement our usage count */
  305. kref_put(&dev->kref, skel_delete);
  306. info("USB Skeleton #%d now disconnected", minor);
  307. }
  308. static struct usb_driver skel_driver = {
  309. .name = "skeleton",
  310. .probe = skel_probe,
  311. .disconnect = skel_disconnect,
  312. .id_table = skel_table,
  313. };
  314. static int __init usb_skel_init(void)
  315. {
  316. int result;
  317. /* register this driver with the USB subsystem */
  318. result = usb_register(&skel_driver);
  319. if (result)
  320. err("usb_register failed. Error number %d", result);
  321. return result;
  322. }
  323. static void __exit usb_skel_exit(void)
  324. {
  325. /* deregister this driver with the USB subsystem */
  326. usb_deregister(&skel_driver);
  327. }
  328. module_init(usb_skel_init);
  329. module_exit(usb_skel_exit);
  330. MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");