microcode_core.c 15 KB

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  1. /*
  2. * Intel CPU Microcode Update Driver for Linux
  3. *
  4. * Copyright (C) 2000-2006 Tigran Aivazian <tigran@aivazian.fsnet.co.uk>
  5. * 2006 Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
  6. *
  7. * This driver allows to upgrade microcode on Intel processors
  8. * belonging to IA-32 family - PentiumPro, Pentium II,
  9. * Pentium III, Xeon, Pentium 4, etc.
  10. *
  11. * Reference: Section 8.11 of Volume 3a, IA-32 Intel? Architecture
  12. * Software Developer's Manual
  13. * Order Number 253668 or free download from:
  14. *
  15. * http://developer.intel.com/Assets/PDF/manual/253668.pdf
  16. *
  17. * For more information, go to http://www.urbanmyth.org/microcode
  18. *
  19. * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
  20. * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
  21. * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
  22. * 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
  23. *
  24. * 1.0 16 Feb 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@sco.com>
  25. * Initial release.
  26. * 1.01 18 Feb 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@sco.com>
  27. * Added read() support + cleanups.
  28. * 1.02 21 Feb 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@sco.com>
  29. * Added 'device trimming' support. open(O_WRONLY) zeroes
  30. * and frees the saved copy of applied microcode.
  31. * 1.03 29 Feb 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@sco.com>
  32. * Made to use devfs (/dev/cpu/microcode) + cleanups.
  33. * 1.04 06 Jun 2000, Simon Trimmer <simon@veritas.com>
  34. * Added misc device support (now uses both devfs and misc).
  35. * Added MICROCODE_IOCFREE ioctl to clear memory.
  36. * 1.05 09 Jun 2000, Simon Trimmer <simon@veritas.com>
  37. * Messages for error cases (non Intel & no suitable microcode).
  38. * 1.06 03 Aug 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
  39. * Removed ->release(). Removed exclusive open and status bitmap.
  40. * Added microcode_rwsem to serialize read()/write()/ioctl().
  41. * Removed global kernel lock usage.
  42. * 1.07 07 Sep 2000, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
  43. * Write 0 to 0x8B msr and then cpuid before reading revision,
  44. * so that it works even if there were no update done by the
  45. * BIOS. Otherwise, reading from 0x8B gives junk (which happened
  46. * to be 0 on my machine which is why it worked even when I
  47. * disabled update by the BIOS)
  48. * Thanks to Eric W. Biederman <ebiederman@lnxi.com> for the fix.
  49. * 1.08 11 Dec 2000, Richard Schaal <richard.schaal@intel.com> and
  50. * Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
  51. * Intel Pentium 4 processor support and bugfixes.
  52. * 1.09 30 Oct 2001, Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
  53. * Bugfix for HT (Hyper-Threading) enabled processors
  54. * whereby processor resources are shared by all logical processors
  55. * in a single CPU package.
  56. * 1.10 28 Feb 2002 Asit K Mallick <asit.k.mallick@intel.com> and
  57. * Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>,
  58. * Serialize updates as required on HT processors due to
  59. * speculative nature of implementation.
  60. * 1.11 22 Mar 2002 Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
  61. * Fix the panic when writing zero-length microcode chunk.
  62. * 1.12 29 Sep 2003 Nitin Kamble <nitin.a.kamble@intel.com>,
  63. * Jun Nakajima <jun.nakajima@intel.com>
  64. * Support for the microcode updates in the new format.
  65. * 1.13 10 Oct 2003 Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
  66. * Removed ->read() method and obsoleted MICROCODE_IOCFREE ioctl
  67. * because we no longer hold a copy of applied microcode
  68. * in kernel memory.
  69. * 1.14 25 Jun 2004 Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
  70. * Fix sigmatch() macro to handle old CPUs with pf == 0.
  71. * Thanks to Stuart Swales for pointing out this bug.
  72. */
  73. #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
  74. #include <linux/platform_device.h>
  75. #include <linux/miscdevice.h>
  76. #include <linux/capability.h>
  77. #include <linux/kernel.h>
  78. #include <linux/module.h>
  79. #include <linux/mutex.h>
  80. #include <linux/cpu.h>
  81. #include <linux/fs.h>
  82. #include <linux/mm.h>
  83. #include <linux/syscore_ops.h>
  84. #include <asm/microcode.h>
  85. #include <asm/processor.h>
  86. #include <asm/cpu_device_id.h>
  87. #include <asm/perf_event.h>
  88. MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Microcode Update Driver");
  89. MODULE_AUTHOR("Tigran Aivazian <tigran@aivazian.fsnet.co.uk>");
  90. MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
  91. #define MICROCODE_VERSION "2.00"
  92. static struct microcode_ops *microcode_ops;
  93. /*
  94. * Synchronization.
  95. *
  96. * All non cpu-hotplug-callback call sites use:
  97. *
  98. * - microcode_mutex to synchronize with each other;
  99. * - get/put_online_cpus() to synchronize with
  100. * the cpu-hotplug-callback call sites.
  101. *
  102. * We guarantee that only a single cpu is being
  103. * updated at any particular moment of time.
  104. */
  105. static DEFINE_MUTEX(microcode_mutex);
  106. struct ucode_cpu_info ucode_cpu_info[NR_CPUS];
  107. EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ucode_cpu_info);
  108. /*
  109. * Operations that are run on a target cpu:
  110. */
  111. struct cpu_info_ctx {
  112. struct cpu_signature *cpu_sig;
  113. int err;
  114. };
  115. static void collect_cpu_info_local(void *arg)
  116. {
  117. struct cpu_info_ctx *ctx = arg;
  118. ctx->err = microcode_ops->collect_cpu_info(smp_processor_id(),
  119. ctx->cpu_sig);
  120. }
  121. static int collect_cpu_info_on_target(int cpu, struct cpu_signature *cpu_sig)
  122. {
  123. struct cpu_info_ctx ctx = { .cpu_sig = cpu_sig, .err = 0 };
  124. int ret;
  125. ret = smp_call_function_single(cpu, collect_cpu_info_local, &ctx, 1);
  126. if (!ret)
  127. ret = ctx.err;
  128. return ret;
  129. }
  130. static int collect_cpu_info(int cpu)
  131. {
  132. struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + cpu;
  133. int ret;
  134. memset(uci, 0, sizeof(*uci));
  135. ret = collect_cpu_info_on_target(cpu, &uci->cpu_sig);
  136. if (!ret)
  137. uci->valid = 1;
  138. return ret;
  139. }
  140. struct apply_microcode_ctx {
  141. int err;
  142. };
  143. static void apply_microcode_local(void *arg)
  144. {
  145. struct apply_microcode_ctx *ctx = arg;
  146. ctx->err = microcode_ops->apply_microcode(smp_processor_id());
  147. }
  148. static int apply_microcode_on_target(int cpu)
  149. {
  150. struct apply_microcode_ctx ctx = { .err = 0 };
  151. int ret;
  152. ret = smp_call_function_single(cpu, apply_microcode_local, &ctx, 1);
  153. if (!ret)
  154. ret = ctx.err;
  155. return ret;
  156. }
  157. #ifdef CONFIG_MICROCODE_OLD_INTERFACE
  158. static int do_microcode_update(const void __user *buf, size_t size)
  159. {
  160. int error = 0;
  161. int cpu;
  162. for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
  163. struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + cpu;
  164. enum ucode_state ustate;
  165. if (!uci->valid)
  166. continue;
  167. ustate = microcode_ops->request_microcode_user(cpu, buf, size);
  168. if (ustate == UCODE_ERROR) {
  169. error = -1;
  170. break;
  171. } else if (ustate == UCODE_OK)
  172. apply_microcode_on_target(cpu);
  173. }
  174. return error;
  175. }
  176. static int microcode_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
  177. {
  178. return capable(CAP_SYS_RAWIO) ? nonseekable_open(inode, file) : -EPERM;
  179. }
  180. static ssize_t microcode_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
  181. size_t len, loff_t *ppos)
  182. {
  183. ssize_t ret = -EINVAL;
  184. if ((len >> PAGE_SHIFT) > totalram_pages) {
  185. pr_err("too much data (max %ld pages)\n", totalram_pages);
  186. return ret;
  187. }
  188. get_online_cpus();
  189. mutex_lock(&microcode_mutex);
  190. if (do_microcode_update(buf, len) == 0)
  191. ret = (ssize_t)len;
  192. if (ret > 0)
  193. perf_check_microcode();
  194. mutex_unlock(&microcode_mutex);
  195. put_online_cpus();
  196. return ret;
  197. }
  198. static const struct file_operations microcode_fops = {
  199. .owner = THIS_MODULE,
  200. .write = microcode_write,
  201. .open = microcode_open,
  202. .llseek = no_llseek,
  203. };
  204. static struct miscdevice microcode_dev = {
  205. .minor = MICROCODE_MINOR,
  206. .name = "microcode",
  207. .nodename = "cpu/microcode",
  208. .fops = &microcode_fops,
  209. };
  210. static int __init microcode_dev_init(void)
  211. {
  212. int error;
  213. error = misc_register(&microcode_dev);
  214. if (error) {
  215. pr_err("can't misc_register on minor=%d\n", MICROCODE_MINOR);
  216. return error;
  217. }
  218. return 0;
  219. }
  220. static void __exit microcode_dev_exit(void)
  221. {
  222. misc_deregister(&microcode_dev);
  223. }
  224. MODULE_ALIAS_MISCDEV(MICROCODE_MINOR);
  225. MODULE_ALIAS("devname:cpu/microcode");
  226. #else
  227. #define microcode_dev_init() 0
  228. #define microcode_dev_exit() do { } while (0)
  229. #endif
  230. /* fake device for request_firmware */
  231. static struct platform_device *microcode_pdev;
  232. static int reload_for_cpu(int cpu)
  233. {
  234. struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + cpu;
  235. int err = 0;
  236. if (uci->valid) {
  237. enum ucode_state ustate;
  238. ustate = microcode_ops->request_microcode_fw(cpu, &microcode_pdev->dev);
  239. if (ustate == UCODE_OK)
  240. apply_microcode_on_target(cpu);
  241. else
  242. if (ustate == UCODE_ERROR)
  243. err = -EINVAL;
  244. }
  245. return err;
  246. }
  247. static ssize_t reload_store(struct device *dev,
  248. struct device_attribute *attr,
  249. const char *buf, size_t size)
  250. {
  251. unsigned long val;
  252. int cpu;
  253. ssize_t ret = 0, tmp_ret;
  254. ret = kstrtoul(buf, 0, &val);
  255. if (ret)
  256. return ret;
  257. if (val != 1)
  258. return size;
  259. get_online_cpus();
  260. mutex_lock(&microcode_mutex);
  261. for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
  262. tmp_ret = reload_for_cpu(cpu);
  263. if (tmp_ret != 0)
  264. pr_warn("Error reloading microcode on CPU %d\n", cpu);
  265. /* save retval of the first encountered reload error */
  266. if (!ret)
  267. ret = tmp_ret;
  268. }
  269. if (!ret)
  270. perf_check_microcode();
  271. mutex_unlock(&microcode_mutex);
  272. put_online_cpus();
  273. if (!ret)
  274. ret = size;
  275. return ret;
  276. }
  277. static ssize_t version_show(struct device *dev,
  278. struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
  279. {
  280. struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + dev->id;
  281. return sprintf(buf, "0x%x\n", uci->cpu_sig.rev);
  282. }
  283. static ssize_t pf_show(struct device *dev,
  284. struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
  285. {
  286. struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + dev->id;
  287. return sprintf(buf, "0x%x\n", uci->cpu_sig.pf);
  288. }
  289. static DEVICE_ATTR(reload, 0200, NULL, reload_store);
  290. static DEVICE_ATTR(version, 0400, version_show, NULL);
  291. static DEVICE_ATTR(processor_flags, 0400, pf_show, NULL);
  292. static struct attribute *mc_default_attrs[] = {
  293. &dev_attr_version.attr,
  294. &dev_attr_processor_flags.attr,
  295. NULL
  296. };
  297. static struct attribute_group mc_attr_group = {
  298. .attrs = mc_default_attrs,
  299. .name = "microcode",
  300. };
  301. static void microcode_fini_cpu(int cpu)
  302. {
  303. struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + cpu;
  304. microcode_ops->microcode_fini_cpu(cpu);
  305. uci->valid = 0;
  306. }
  307. static enum ucode_state microcode_resume_cpu(int cpu)
  308. {
  309. struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + cpu;
  310. if (!uci->mc)
  311. return UCODE_NFOUND;
  312. pr_debug("CPU%d updated upon resume\n", cpu);
  313. apply_microcode_on_target(cpu);
  314. return UCODE_OK;
  315. }
  316. static enum ucode_state microcode_init_cpu(int cpu)
  317. {
  318. enum ucode_state ustate;
  319. if (collect_cpu_info(cpu))
  320. return UCODE_ERROR;
  321. /* --dimm. Trigger a delayed update? */
  322. if (system_state != SYSTEM_RUNNING)
  323. return UCODE_NFOUND;
  324. ustate = microcode_ops->request_microcode_fw(cpu, &microcode_pdev->dev);
  325. if (ustate == UCODE_OK) {
  326. pr_debug("CPU%d updated upon init\n", cpu);
  327. apply_microcode_on_target(cpu);
  328. }
  329. return ustate;
  330. }
  331. static enum ucode_state microcode_update_cpu(int cpu)
  332. {
  333. struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + cpu;
  334. enum ucode_state ustate;
  335. if (uci->valid)
  336. ustate = microcode_resume_cpu(cpu);
  337. else
  338. ustate = microcode_init_cpu(cpu);
  339. return ustate;
  340. }
  341. static int mc_device_add(struct device *dev, struct subsys_interface *sif)
  342. {
  343. int err, cpu = dev->id;
  344. if (!cpu_online(cpu))
  345. return 0;
  346. pr_debug("CPU%d added\n", cpu);
  347. err = sysfs_create_group(&dev->kobj, &mc_attr_group);
  348. if (err)
  349. return err;
  350. if (microcode_init_cpu(cpu) == UCODE_ERROR)
  351. return -EINVAL;
  352. return err;
  353. }
  354. static int mc_device_remove(struct device *dev, struct subsys_interface *sif)
  355. {
  356. int cpu = dev->id;
  357. if (!cpu_online(cpu))
  358. return 0;
  359. pr_debug("CPU%d removed\n", cpu);
  360. microcode_fini_cpu(cpu);
  361. sysfs_remove_group(&dev->kobj, &mc_attr_group);
  362. return 0;
  363. }
  364. static struct subsys_interface mc_cpu_interface = {
  365. .name = "microcode",
  366. .subsys = &cpu_subsys,
  367. .add_dev = mc_device_add,
  368. .remove_dev = mc_device_remove,
  369. };
  370. /**
  371. * mc_bp_resume - Update boot CPU microcode during resume.
  372. */
  373. static void mc_bp_resume(void)
  374. {
  375. int cpu = smp_processor_id();
  376. struct ucode_cpu_info *uci = ucode_cpu_info + cpu;
  377. if (uci->valid && uci->mc)
  378. microcode_ops->apply_microcode(cpu);
  379. }
  380. static struct syscore_ops mc_syscore_ops = {
  381. .resume = mc_bp_resume,
  382. };
  383. static __cpuinit int
  384. mc_cpu_callback(struct notifier_block *nb, unsigned long action, void *hcpu)
  385. {
  386. unsigned int cpu = (unsigned long)hcpu;
  387. struct device *dev;
  388. dev = get_cpu_device(cpu);
  389. switch (action) {
  390. case CPU_ONLINE:
  391. case CPU_ONLINE_FROZEN:
  392. microcode_update_cpu(cpu);
  393. case CPU_DOWN_FAILED:
  394. case CPU_DOWN_FAILED_FROZEN:
  395. pr_debug("CPU%d added\n", cpu);
  396. if (sysfs_create_group(&dev->kobj, &mc_attr_group))
  397. pr_err("Failed to create group for CPU%d\n", cpu);
  398. break;
  399. case CPU_DOWN_PREPARE:
  400. case CPU_DOWN_PREPARE_FROZEN:
  401. /* Suspend is in progress, only remove the interface */
  402. sysfs_remove_group(&dev->kobj, &mc_attr_group);
  403. pr_debug("CPU%d removed\n", cpu);
  404. break;
  405. /*
  406. * When a CPU goes offline, don't free up or invalidate the copy of
  407. * the microcode in kernel memory, so that we can reuse it when the
  408. * CPU comes back online without unnecessarily requesting the userspace
  409. * for it again.
  410. */
  411. case CPU_UP_CANCELED_FROZEN:
  412. /* The CPU refused to come up during a system resume */
  413. microcode_fini_cpu(cpu);
  414. break;
  415. }
  416. return NOTIFY_OK;
  417. }
  418. static struct notifier_block __refdata mc_cpu_notifier = {
  419. .notifier_call = mc_cpu_callback,
  420. };
  421. #ifdef MODULE
  422. /* Autoload on Intel and AMD systems */
  423. static const struct x86_cpu_id __initconst microcode_id[] = {
  424. #ifdef CONFIG_MICROCODE_INTEL
  425. { X86_VENDOR_INTEL, X86_FAMILY_ANY, X86_MODEL_ANY, },
  426. #endif
  427. #ifdef CONFIG_MICROCODE_AMD
  428. { X86_VENDOR_AMD, X86_FAMILY_ANY, X86_MODEL_ANY, },
  429. #endif
  430. {}
  431. };
  432. MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(x86cpu, microcode_id);
  433. #endif
  434. static struct attribute *cpu_root_microcode_attrs[] = {
  435. &dev_attr_reload.attr,
  436. NULL
  437. };
  438. static struct attribute_group cpu_root_microcode_group = {
  439. .name = "microcode",
  440. .attrs = cpu_root_microcode_attrs,
  441. };
  442. static int __init microcode_init(void)
  443. {
  444. struct cpuinfo_x86 *c = &cpu_data(0);
  445. int error;
  446. if (c->x86_vendor == X86_VENDOR_INTEL)
  447. microcode_ops = init_intel_microcode();
  448. else if (c->x86_vendor == X86_VENDOR_AMD)
  449. microcode_ops = init_amd_microcode();
  450. else
  451. pr_err("no support for this CPU vendor\n");
  452. if (!microcode_ops)
  453. return -ENODEV;
  454. microcode_pdev = platform_device_register_simple("microcode", -1,
  455. NULL, 0);
  456. if (IS_ERR(microcode_pdev))
  457. return PTR_ERR(microcode_pdev);
  458. get_online_cpus();
  459. mutex_lock(&microcode_mutex);
  460. error = subsys_interface_register(&mc_cpu_interface);
  461. if (!error)
  462. perf_check_microcode();
  463. mutex_unlock(&microcode_mutex);
  464. put_online_cpus();
  465. if (error)
  466. goto out_pdev;
  467. error = sysfs_create_group(&cpu_subsys.dev_root->kobj,
  468. &cpu_root_microcode_group);
  469. if (error) {
  470. pr_err("Error creating microcode group!\n");
  471. goto out_driver;
  472. }
  473. error = microcode_dev_init();
  474. if (error)
  475. goto out_ucode_group;
  476. register_syscore_ops(&mc_syscore_ops);
  477. register_hotcpu_notifier(&mc_cpu_notifier);
  478. pr_info("Microcode Update Driver: v" MICROCODE_VERSION
  479. " <tigran@aivazian.fsnet.co.uk>, Peter Oruba\n");
  480. return 0;
  481. out_ucode_group:
  482. sysfs_remove_group(&cpu_subsys.dev_root->kobj,
  483. &cpu_root_microcode_group);
  484. out_driver:
  485. get_online_cpus();
  486. mutex_lock(&microcode_mutex);
  487. subsys_interface_unregister(&mc_cpu_interface);
  488. mutex_unlock(&microcode_mutex);
  489. put_online_cpus();
  490. out_pdev:
  491. platform_device_unregister(microcode_pdev);
  492. return error;
  493. }
  494. module_init(microcode_init);
  495. static void __exit microcode_exit(void)
  496. {
  497. struct cpuinfo_x86 *c = &cpu_data(0);
  498. microcode_dev_exit();
  499. unregister_hotcpu_notifier(&mc_cpu_notifier);
  500. unregister_syscore_ops(&mc_syscore_ops);
  501. sysfs_remove_group(&cpu_subsys.dev_root->kobj,
  502. &cpu_root_microcode_group);
  503. get_online_cpus();
  504. mutex_lock(&microcode_mutex);
  505. subsys_interface_unregister(&mc_cpu_interface);
  506. mutex_unlock(&microcode_mutex);
  507. put_online_cpus();
  508. platform_device_unregister(microcode_pdev);
  509. microcode_ops = NULL;
  510. if (c->x86_vendor == X86_VENDOR_AMD)
  511. exit_amd_microcode();
  512. pr_info("Microcode Update Driver: v" MICROCODE_VERSION " removed.\n");
  513. }
  514. module_exit(microcode_exit);