xpram.c 14 KB

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  1. /*
  2. * Xpram.c -- the S/390 expanded memory RAM-disk
  3. *
  4. * significant parts of this code are based on
  5. * the sbull device driver presented in
  6. * A. Rubini: Linux Device Drivers
  7. *
  8. * Author of XPRAM specific coding: Reinhard Buendgen
  9. * buendgen@de.ibm.com
  10. * Rewrite for 2.5: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
  11. *
  12. * External interfaces:
  13. * Interfaces to linux kernel
  14. * xpram_setup: read kernel parameters
  15. * Device specific file operations
  16. * xpram_iotcl
  17. * xpram_open
  18. *
  19. * "ad-hoc" partitioning:
  20. * the expanded memory can be partitioned among several devices
  21. * (with different minors). The partitioning set up can be
  22. * set by kernel or module parameters (int devs & int sizes[])
  23. *
  24. * Potential future improvements:
  25. * generic hard disk support to replace ad-hoc partitioning
  26. */
  27. #include <linux/module.h>
  28. #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
  29. #include <linux/ctype.h> /* isdigit, isxdigit */
  30. #include <linux/errno.h>
  31. #include <linux/init.h>
  32. #include <linux/slab.h>
  33. #include <linux/blkdev.h>
  34. #include <linux/blkpg.h>
  35. #include <linux/hdreg.h> /* HDIO_GETGEO */
  36. #include <linux/sysdev.h>
  37. #include <linux/bio.h>
  38. #include <linux/devfs_fs_kernel.h>
  39. #include <asm/uaccess.h>
  40. #define XPRAM_NAME "xpram"
  41. #define XPRAM_DEVS 1 /* one partition */
  42. #define XPRAM_MAX_DEVS 32 /* maximal number of devices (partitions) */
  43. #define PRINT_DEBUG(x...) printk(KERN_DEBUG XPRAM_NAME " debug:" x)
  44. #define PRINT_INFO(x...) printk(KERN_INFO XPRAM_NAME " info:" x)
  45. #define PRINT_WARN(x...) printk(KERN_WARNING XPRAM_NAME " warning:" x)
  46. #define PRINT_ERR(x...) printk(KERN_ERR XPRAM_NAME " error:" x)
  47. static struct sysdev_class xpram_sysclass = {
  48. set_kset_name("xpram"),
  49. };
  50. static struct sys_device xpram_sys_device = {
  51. .id = 0,
  52. .cls = &xpram_sysclass,
  53. };
  54. typedef struct {
  55. unsigned int size; /* size of xpram segment in pages */
  56. unsigned int offset; /* start page of xpram segment */
  57. } xpram_device_t;
  58. static xpram_device_t xpram_devices[XPRAM_MAX_DEVS];
  59. static unsigned int xpram_sizes[XPRAM_MAX_DEVS];
  60. static struct gendisk *xpram_disks[XPRAM_MAX_DEVS];
  61. static unsigned int xpram_pages;
  62. static int xpram_devs;
  63. /*
  64. * Parameter parsing functions.
  65. */
  66. static int devs = XPRAM_DEVS;
  67. static unsigned int sizes[XPRAM_MAX_DEVS];
  68. module_param(devs, int, 0);
  69. module_param_array(sizes, int, NULL, 0);
  70. MODULE_PARM_DESC(devs, "number of devices (\"partitions\"), " \
  71. "the default is " __MODULE_STRING(XPRAM_DEVS) "\n");
  72. MODULE_PARM_DESC(sizes, "list of device (partition) sizes " \
  73. "the defaults are 0s \n" \
  74. "All devices with size 0 equally partition the "
  75. "remaining space on the expanded strorage not "
  76. "claimed by explicit sizes\n");
  77. MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
  78. #ifndef MODULE
  79. /*
  80. * Parses the kernel parameters given in the kernel parameter line.
  81. * The expected format is
  82. * <number_of_partitions>[","<partition_size>]*
  83. * where
  84. * devices is a positive integer that initializes xpram_devs
  85. * each size is a non-negative integer possibly followed by a
  86. * magnitude (k,K,m,M,g,G), the list of sizes initialises
  87. * xpram_sizes
  88. *
  89. * Arguments
  90. * str: substring of kernel parameter line that contains xprams
  91. * kernel parameters.
  92. *
  93. * Result 0 on success, -EINVAL else -- only for Version > 2.3
  94. *
  95. * Side effects
  96. * the global variabls devs is set to the value of
  97. * <number_of_partitions> and sizes[i] is set to the i-th
  98. * partition size (if provided). A parsing error of a value
  99. * results in this value being set to -EINVAL.
  100. */
  101. static int __init xpram_setup (char *str)
  102. {
  103. char *cp;
  104. int i;
  105. devs = simple_strtoul(str, &cp, 10);
  106. if (cp <= str || devs > XPRAM_MAX_DEVS)
  107. return 0;
  108. for (i = 0; (i < devs) && (*cp++ == ','); i++) {
  109. sizes[i] = simple_strtoul(cp, &cp, 10);
  110. if (*cp == 'g' || *cp == 'G') {
  111. sizes[i] <<= 20;
  112. cp++;
  113. } else if (*cp == 'm' || *cp == 'M') {
  114. sizes[i] <<= 10;
  115. cp++;
  116. } else if (*cp == 'k' || *cp == 'K')
  117. cp++;
  118. while (isspace(*cp)) cp++;
  119. }
  120. if (*cp == ',' && i >= devs)
  121. PRINT_WARN("partition sizes list has too many entries.\n");
  122. else if (*cp != 0)
  123. PRINT_WARN("ignored '%s' at end of parameter string.\n", cp);
  124. return 1;
  125. }
  126. __setup("xpram_parts=", xpram_setup);
  127. #endif
  128. /*
  129. * Copy expanded memory page (4kB) into main memory
  130. * Arguments
  131. * page_addr: address of target page
  132. * xpage_index: index of expandeded memory page
  133. * Return value
  134. * 0: if operation succeeds
  135. * -EIO: if pgin failed
  136. * -ENXIO: if xpram has vanished
  137. */
  138. static int xpram_page_in (unsigned long page_addr, unsigned int xpage_index)
  139. {
  140. int cc;
  141. __asm__ __volatile__ (
  142. " lhi %0,2\n" /* return unused cc 2 if pgin traps */
  143. " .insn rre,0xb22e0000,%1,%2\n" /* pgin %1,%2 */
  144. "0: ipm %0\n"
  145. " srl %0,28\n"
  146. "1:\n"
  147. #ifndef CONFIG_ARCH_S390X
  148. ".section __ex_table,\"a\"\n"
  149. " .align 4\n"
  150. " .long 0b,1b\n"
  151. ".previous"
  152. #else
  153. ".section __ex_table,\"a\"\n"
  154. " .align 8\n"
  155. " .quad 0b,1b\n"
  156. ".previous"
  157. #endif
  158. : "=&d" (cc)
  159. : "a" (__pa(page_addr)), "a" (xpage_index)
  160. : "cc" );
  161. if (cc == 3)
  162. return -ENXIO;
  163. if (cc == 2) {
  164. PRINT_ERR("expanded storage lost!\n");
  165. return -ENXIO;
  166. }
  167. if (cc == 1) {
  168. PRINT_ERR("page in failed for page index %u.\n",
  169. xpage_index);
  170. return -EIO;
  171. }
  172. return 0;
  173. }
  174. /*
  175. * Copy a 4kB page of main memory to an expanded memory page
  176. * Arguments
  177. * page_addr: address of source page
  178. * xpage_index: index of expandeded memory page
  179. * Return value
  180. * 0: if operation succeeds
  181. * -EIO: if pgout failed
  182. * -ENXIO: if xpram has vanished
  183. */
  184. static long xpram_page_out (unsigned long page_addr, unsigned int xpage_index)
  185. {
  186. int cc;
  187. __asm__ __volatile__ (
  188. " lhi %0,2\n" /* return unused cc 2 if pgout traps */
  189. " .insn rre,0xb22f0000,%1,%2\n" /* pgout %1,%2 */
  190. "0: ipm %0\n"
  191. " srl %0,28\n"
  192. "1:\n"
  193. #ifndef CONFIG_ARCH_S390X
  194. ".section __ex_table,\"a\"\n"
  195. " .align 4\n"
  196. " .long 0b,1b\n"
  197. ".previous"
  198. #else
  199. ".section __ex_table,\"a\"\n"
  200. " .align 8\n"
  201. " .quad 0b,1b\n"
  202. ".previous"
  203. #endif
  204. : "=&d" (cc)
  205. : "a" (__pa(page_addr)), "a" (xpage_index)
  206. : "cc" );
  207. if (cc == 3)
  208. return -ENXIO;
  209. if (cc == 2) {
  210. PRINT_ERR("expanded storage lost!\n");
  211. return -ENXIO;
  212. }
  213. if (cc == 1) {
  214. PRINT_ERR("page out failed for page index %u.\n",
  215. xpage_index);
  216. return -EIO;
  217. }
  218. return 0;
  219. }
  220. /*
  221. * Check if xpram is available.
  222. */
  223. static int __init xpram_present(void)
  224. {
  225. unsigned long mem_page;
  226. int rc;
  227. mem_page = (unsigned long) __get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL);
  228. if (!mem_page)
  229. return -ENOMEM;
  230. rc = xpram_page_in(mem_page, 0);
  231. free_page(mem_page);
  232. return rc ? -ENXIO : 0;
  233. }
  234. /*
  235. * Return index of the last available xpram page.
  236. */
  237. static unsigned long __init xpram_highest_page_index(void)
  238. {
  239. unsigned int page_index, add_bit;
  240. unsigned long mem_page;
  241. mem_page = (unsigned long) __get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL);
  242. if (!mem_page)
  243. return 0;
  244. page_index = 0;
  245. add_bit = 1ULL << (sizeof(unsigned int)*8 - 1);
  246. while (add_bit > 0) {
  247. if (xpram_page_in(mem_page, page_index | add_bit) == 0)
  248. page_index |= add_bit;
  249. add_bit >>= 1;
  250. }
  251. free_page (mem_page);
  252. return page_index;
  253. }
  254. /*
  255. * Block device make request function.
  256. */
  257. static int xpram_make_request(request_queue_t *q, struct bio *bio)
  258. {
  259. xpram_device_t *xdev = bio->bi_bdev->bd_disk->private_data;
  260. struct bio_vec *bvec;
  261. unsigned int index;
  262. unsigned long page_addr;
  263. unsigned long bytes;
  264. int i;
  265. if ((bio->bi_sector & 7) != 0 || (bio->bi_size & 4095) != 0)
  266. /* Request is not page-aligned. */
  267. goto fail;
  268. if ((bio->bi_size >> 12) > xdev->size)
  269. /* Request size is no page-aligned. */
  270. goto fail;
  271. if ((bio->bi_sector >> 3) > 0xffffffffU - xdev->offset)
  272. goto fail;
  273. index = (bio->bi_sector >> 3) + xdev->offset;
  274. bio_for_each_segment(bvec, bio, i) {
  275. page_addr = (unsigned long)
  276. kmap(bvec->bv_page) + bvec->bv_offset;
  277. bytes = bvec->bv_len;
  278. if ((page_addr & 4095) != 0 || (bytes & 4095) != 0)
  279. /* More paranoia. */
  280. goto fail;
  281. while (bytes > 0) {
  282. if (bio_data_dir(bio) == READ) {
  283. if (xpram_page_in(page_addr, index) != 0)
  284. goto fail;
  285. } else {
  286. if (xpram_page_out(page_addr, index) != 0)
  287. goto fail;
  288. }
  289. page_addr += 4096;
  290. bytes -= 4096;
  291. index++;
  292. }
  293. }
  294. set_bit(BIO_UPTODATE, &bio->bi_flags);
  295. bytes = bio->bi_size;
  296. bio->bi_size = 0;
  297. bio->bi_end_io(bio, bytes, 0);
  298. return 0;
  299. fail:
  300. bio_io_error(bio, bio->bi_size);
  301. return 0;
  302. }
  303. static int xpram_ioctl (struct inode *inode, struct file *filp,
  304. unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
  305. {
  306. struct hd_geometry __user *geo;
  307. unsigned long size;
  308. if (cmd != HDIO_GETGEO)
  309. return -EINVAL;
  310. /*
  311. * get geometry: we have to fake one... trim the size to a
  312. * multiple of 64 (32k): tell we have 16 sectors, 4 heads,
  313. * whatever cylinders. Tell also that data starts at sector. 4.
  314. */
  315. geo = (struct hd_geometry __user *) arg;
  316. size = (xpram_pages * 8) & ~0x3f;
  317. put_user(size >> 6, &geo->cylinders);
  318. put_user(4, &geo->heads);
  319. put_user(16, &geo->sectors);
  320. put_user(4, &geo->start);
  321. return 0;
  322. }
  323. static struct block_device_operations xpram_devops =
  324. {
  325. .owner = THIS_MODULE,
  326. .ioctl = xpram_ioctl,
  327. };
  328. /*
  329. * Setup xpram_sizes array.
  330. */
  331. static int __init xpram_setup_sizes(unsigned long pages)
  332. {
  333. unsigned long mem_needed;
  334. unsigned long mem_auto;
  335. int mem_auto_no;
  336. int i;
  337. /* Check number of devices. */
  338. if (devs <= 0 || devs > XPRAM_MAX_DEVS) {
  339. PRINT_ERR("invalid number %d of devices\n",devs);
  340. return -EINVAL;
  341. }
  342. xpram_devs = devs;
  343. /*
  344. * Copy sizes array to xpram_sizes and align partition
  345. * sizes to page boundary.
  346. */
  347. mem_needed = 0;
  348. mem_auto_no = 0;
  349. for (i = 0; i < xpram_devs; i++) {
  350. xpram_sizes[i] = (sizes[i] + 3) & -4UL;
  351. if (xpram_sizes[i])
  352. mem_needed += xpram_sizes[i];
  353. else
  354. mem_auto_no++;
  355. }
  356. PRINT_INFO(" number of devices (partitions): %d \n", xpram_devs);
  357. for (i = 0; i < xpram_devs; i++) {
  358. if (xpram_sizes[i])
  359. PRINT_INFO(" size of partition %d: %u kB\n",
  360. i, xpram_sizes[i]);
  361. else
  362. PRINT_INFO(" size of partition %d to be set "
  363. "automatically\n",i);
  364. }
  365. PRINT_DEBUG(" memory needed (for sized partitions): %lu kB\n",
  366. mem_needed);
  367. PRINT_DEBUG(" partitions to be sized automatically: %d\n",
  368. mem_auto_no);
  369. if (mem_needed > pages * 4) {
  370. PRINT_ERR("Not enough expanded memory available\n");
  371. return -EINVAL;
  372. }
  373. /*
  374. * partitioning:
  375. * xpram_sizes[i] != 0; partition i has size xpram_sizes[i] kB
  376. * else: ; all partitions with zero xpram_sizes[i]
  377. * partition equally the remaining space
  378. */
  379. if (mem_auto_no) {
  380. mem_auto = ((pages - mem_needed / 4) / mem_auto_no) * 4;
  381. PRINT_INFO(" automatically determined "
  382. "partition size: %lu kB\n", mem_auto);
  383. for (i = 0; i < xpram_devs; i++)
  384. if (xpram_sizes[i] == 0)
  385. xpram_sizes[i] = mem_auto;
  386. }
  387. return 0;
  388. }
  389. static struct request_queue *xpram_queue;
  390. static int __init xpram_setup_blkdev(void)
  391. {
  392. unsigned long offset;
  393. int i, rc = -ENOMEM;
  394. for (i = 0; i < xpram_devs; i++) {
  395. struct gendisk *disk = alloc_disk(1);
  396. if (!disk)
  397. goto out;
  398. xpram_disks[i] = disk;
  399. }
  400. /*
  401. * Register xpram major.
  402. */
  403. rc = register_blkdev(XPRAM_MAJOR, XPRAM_NAME);
  404. if (rc < 0)
  405. goto out;
  406. devfs_mk_dir("slram");
  407. /*
  408. * Assign the other needed values: make request function, sizes and
  409. * hardsect size. All the minor devices feature the same value.
  410. */
  411. xpram_queue = blk_alloc_queue(GFP_KERNEL);
  412. if (!xpram_queue) {
  413. rc = -ENOMEM;
  414. goto out_unreg;
  415. }
  416. blk_queue_make_request(xpram_queue, xpram_make_request);
  417. blk_queue_hardsect_size(xpram_queue, 4096);
  418. /*
  419. * Setup device structures.
  420. */
  421. offset = 0;
  422. for (i = 0; i < xpram_devs; i++) {
  423. struct gendisk *disk = xpram_disks[i];
  424. xpram_devices[i].size = xpram_sizes[i] / 4;
  425. xpram_devices[i].offset = offset;
  426. offset += xpram_devices[i].size;
  427. disk->major = XPRAM_MAJOR;
  428. disk->first_minor = i;
  429. disk->fops = &xpram_devops;
  430. disk->private_data = &xpram_devices[i];
  431. disk->queue = xpram_queue;
  432. sprintf(disk->disk_name, "slram%d", i);
  433. sprintf(disk->devfs_name, "slram/%d", i);
  434. set_capacity(disk, xpram_sizes[i] << 1);
  435. add_disk(disk);
  436. }
  437. return 0;
  438. out_unreg:
  439. devfs_remove("slram");
  440. unregister_blkdev(XPRAM_MAJOR, XPRAM_NAME);
  441. out:
  442. while (i--)
  443. put_disk(xpram_disks[i]);
  444. return rc;
  445. }
  446. /*
  447. * Finally, the init/exit functions.
  448. */
  449. static void __exit xpram_exit(void)
  450. {
  451. int i;
  452. for (i = 0; i < xpram_devs; i++) {
  453. del_gendisk(xpram_disks[i]);
  454. put_disk(xpram_disks[i]);
  455. }
  456. unregister_blkdev(XPRAM_MAJOR, XPRAM_NAME);
  457. devfs_remove("slram");
  458. blk_cleanup_queue(xpram_queue);
  459. sysdev_unregister(&xpram_sys_device);
  460. sysdev_class_unregister(&xpram_sysclass);
  461. }
  462. static int __init xpram_init(void)
  463. {
  464. int rc;
  465. /* Find out size of expanded memory. */
  466. if (xpram_present() != 0) {
  467. PRINT_WARN("No expanded memory available\n");
  468. return -ENODEV;
  469. }
  470. xpram_pages = xpram_highest_page_index();
  471. PRINT_INFO(" %u pages expanded memory found (%lu KB).\n",
  472. xpram_pages, (unsigned long) xpram_pages*4);
  473. rc = xpram_setup_sizes(xpram_pages);
  474. if (rc)
  475. return rc;
  476. rc = sysdev_class_register(&xpram_sysclass);
  477. if (rc)
  478. return rc;
  479. rc = sysdev_register(&xpram_sys_device);
  480. if (rc) {
  481. sysdev_class_unregister(&xpram_sysclass);
  482. return rc;
  483. }
  484. rc = xpram_setup_blkdev();
  485. if (rc)
  486. sysdev_unregister(&xpram_sys_device);
  487. return rc;
  488. }
  489. module_init(xpram_init);
  490. module_exit(xpram_exit);