elevator.c 17 KB

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  1. /*
  2. * linux/drivers/block/elevator.c
  3. *
  4. * Block device elevator/IO-scheduler.
  5. *
  6. * Copyright (C) 2000 Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@suse.de> SuSE
  7. *
  8. * 30042000 Jens Axboe <axboe@suse.de> :
  9. *
  10. * Split the elevator a bit so that it is possible to choose a different
  11. * one or even write a new "plug in". There are three pieces:
  12. * - elevator_fn, inserts a new request in the queue list
  13. * - elevator_merge_fn, decides whether a new buffer can be merged with
  14. * an existing request
  15. * - elevator_dequeue_fn, called when a request is taken off the active list
  16. *
  17. * 20082000 Dave Jones <davej@suse.de> :
  18. * Removed tests for max-bomb-segments, which was breaking elvtune
  19. * when run without -bN
  20. *
  21. * Jens:
  22. * - Rework again to work with bio instead of buffer_heads
  23. * - loose bi_dev comparisons, partition handling is right now
  24. * - completely modularize elevator setup and teardown
  25. *
  26. */
  27. #include <linux/kernel.h>
  28. #include <linux/fs.h>
  29. #include <linux/blkdev.h>
  30. #include <linux/elevator.h>
  31. #include <linux/bio.h>
  32. #include <linux/config.h>
  33. #include <linux/module.h>
  34. #include <linux/slab.h>
  35. #include <linux/init.h>
  36. #include <linux/compiler.h>
  37. #include <asm/uaccess.h>
  38. static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(elv_list_lock);
  39. static LIST_HEAD(elv_list);
  40. /*
  41. * can we safely merge with this request?
  42. */
  43. inline int elv_rq_merge_ok(struct request *rq, struct bio *bio)
  44. {
  45. if (!rq_mergeable(rq))
  46. return 0;
  47. /*
  48. * different data direction or already started, don't merge
  49. */
  50. if (bio_data_dir(bio) != rq_data_dir(rq))
  51. return 0;
  52. /*
  53. * same device and no special stuff set, merge is ok
  54. */
  55. if (rq->rq_disk == bio->bi_bdev->bd_disk &&
  56. !rq->waiting && !rq->special)
  57. return 1;
  58. return 0;
  59. }
  60. EXPORT_SYMBOL(elv_rq_merge_ok);
  61. inline int elv_try_merge(struct request *__rq, struct bio *bio)
  62. {
  63. int ret = ELEVATOR_NO_MERGE;
  64. /*
  65. * we can merge and sequence is ok, check if it's possible
  66. */
  67. if (elv_rq_merge_ok(__rq, bio)) {
  68. if (__rq->sector + __rq->nr_sectors == bio->bi_sector)
  69. ret = ELEVATOR_BACK_MERGE;
  70. else if (__rq->sector - bio_sectors(bio) == bio->bi_sector)
  71. ret = ELEVATOR_FRONT_MERGE;
  72. }
  73. return ret;
  74. }
  75. EXPORT_SYMBOL(elv_try_merge);
  76. inline int elv_try_last_merge(request_queue_t *q, struct bio *bio)
  77. {
  78. if (q->last_merge)
  79. return elv_try_merge(q->last_merge, bio);
  80. return ELEVATOR_NO_MERGE;
  81. }
  82. EXPORT_SYMBOL(elv_try_last_merge);
  83. static struct elevator_type *elevator_find(const char *name)
  84. {
  85. struct elevator_type *e = NULL;
  86. struct list_head *entry;
  87. spin_lock_irq(&elv_list_lock);
  88. list_for_each(entry, &elv_list) {
  89. struct elevator_type *__e;
  90. __e = list_entry(entry, struct elevator_type, list);
  91. if (!strcmp(__e->elevator_name, name)) {
  92. e = __e;
  93. break;
  94. }
  95. }
  96. spin_unlock_irq(&elv_list_lock);
  97. return e;
  98. }
  99. static void elevator_put(struct elevator_type *e)
  100. {
  101. module_put(e->elevator_owner);
  102. }
  103. static struct elevator_type *elevator_get(const char *name)
  104. {
  105. struct elevator_type *e = elevator_find(name);
  106. if (!e)
  107. return NULL;
  108. if (!try_module_get(e->elevator_owner))
  109. return NULL;
  110. return e;
  111. }
  112. static int elevator_attach(request_queue_t *q, struct elevator_type *e,
  113. struct elevator_queue *eq)
  114. {
  115. int ret = 0;
  116. memset(eq, 0, sizeof(*eq));
  117. eq->ops = &e->ops;
  118. eq->elevator_type = e;
  119. INIT_LIST_HEAD(&q->queue_head);
  120. q->last_merge = NULL;
  121. q->elevator = eq;
  122. if (eq->ops->elevator_init_fn)
  123. ret = eq->ops->elevator_init_fn(q, eq);
  124. return ret;
  125. }
  126. static char chosen_elevator[16];
  127. static void elevator_setup_default(void)
  128. {
  129. /*
  130. * check if default is set and exists
  131. */
  132. if (chosen_elevator[0] && elevator_find(chosen_elevator))
  133. return;
  134. #if defined(CONFIG_IOSCHED_AS)
  135. strcpy(chosen_elevator, "anticipatory");
  136. #elif defined(CONFIG_IOSCHED_DEADLINE)
  137. strcpy(chosen_elevator, "deadline");
  138. #elif defined(CONFIG_IOSCHED_CFQ)
  139. strcpy(chosen_elevator, "cfq");
  140. #elif defined(CONFIG_IOSCHED_NOOP)
  141. strcpy(chosen_elevator, "noop");
  142. #else
  143. #error "You must build at least 1 IO scheduler into the kernel"
  144. #endif
  145. }
  146. static int __init elevator_setup(char *str)
  147. {
  148. strncpy(chosen_elevator, str, sizeof(chosen_elevator) - 1);
  149. return 0;
  150. }
  151. __setup("elevator=", elevator_setup);
  152. int elevator_init(request_queue_t *q, char *name)
  153. {
  154. struct elevator_type *e = NULL;
  155. struct elevator_queue *eq;
  156. int ret = 0;
  157. elevator_setup_default();
  158. if (!name)
  159. name = chosen_elevator;
  160. e = elevator_get(name);
  161. if (!e)
  162. return -EINVAL;
  163. eq = kmalloc(sizeof(struct elevator_queue), GFP_KERNEL);
  164. if (!eq) {
  165. elevator_put(e->elevator_type);
  166. return -ENOMEM;
  167. }
  168. ret = elevator_attach(q, e, eq);
  169. if (ret) {
  170. kfree(eq);
  171. elevator_put(e->elevator_type);
  172. }
  173. return ret;
  174. }
  175. void elevator_exit(elevator_t *e)
  176. {
  177. if (e->ops->elevator_exit_fn)
  178. e->ops->elevator_exit_fn(e);
  179. elevator_put(e->elevator_type);
  180. e->elevator_type = NULL;
  181. kfree(e);
  182. }
  183. int elv_merge(request_queue_t *q, struct request **req, struct bio *bio)
  184. {
  185. elevator_t *e = q->elevator;
  186. if (e->ops->elevator_merge_fn)
  187. return e->ops->elevator_merge_fn(q, req, bio);
  188. return ELEVATOR_NO_MERGE;
  189. }
  190. void elv_merged_request(request_queue_t *q, struct request *rq)
  191. {
  192. elevator_t *e = q->elevator;
  193. if (e->ops->elevator_merged_fn)
  194. e->ops->elevator_merged_fn(q, rq);
  195. }
  196. void elv_merge_requests(request_queue_t *q, struct request *rq,
  197. struct request *next)
  198. {
  199. elevator_t *e = q->elevator;
  200. if (q->last_merge == next)
  201. q->last_merge = NULL;
  202. if (e->ops->elevator_merge_req_fn)
  203. e->ops->elevator_merge_req_fn(q, rq, next);
  204. }
  205. /*
  206. * For careful internal use by the block layer. Essentially the same as
  207. * a requeue in that it tells the io scheduler that this request is not
  208. * active in the driver or hardware anymore, but we don't want the request
  209. * added back to the scheduler. Function is not exported.
  210. */
  211. void elv_deactivate_request(request_queue_t *q, struct request *rq)
  212. {
  213. elevator_t *e = q->elevator;
  214. /*
  215. * it already went through dequeue, we need to decrement the
  216. * in_flight count again
  217. */
  218. if (blk_account_rq(rq))
  219. q->in_flight--;
  220. rq->flags &= ~REQ_STARTED;
  221. if (e->ops->elevator_deactivate_req_fn)
  222. e->ops->elevator_deactivate_req_fn(q, rq);
  223. }
  224. void elv_requeue_request(request_queue_t *q, struct request *rq)
  225. {
  226. elv_deactivate_request(q, rq);
  227. /*
  228. * if this is the flush, requeue the original instead and drop the flush
  229. */
  230. if (rq->flags & REQ_BAR_FLUSH) {
  231. clear_bit(QUEUE_FLAG_FLUSH, &q->queue_flags);
  232. rq = rq->end_io_data;
  233. }
  234. /*
  235. * the request is prepped and may have some resources allocated.
  236. * allowing unprepped requests to pass this one may cause resource
  237. * deadlock. turn on softbarrier.
  238. */
  239. rq->flags |= REQ_SOFTBARRIER;
  240. /*
  241. * if iosched has an explicit requeue hook, then use that. otherwise
  242. * just put the request at the front of the queue
  243. */
  244. if (q->elevator->ops->elevator_requeue_req_fn)
  245. q->elevator->ops->elevator_requeue_req_fn(q, rq);
  246. else
  247. __elv_add_request(q, rq, ELEVATOR_INSERT_FRONT, 0);
  248. }
  249. void __elv_add_request(request_queue_t *q, struct request *rq, int where,
  250. int plug)
  251. {
  252. /*
  253. * barriers implicitly indicate back insertion
  254. */
  255. if (rq->flags & (REQ_SOFTBARRIER | REQ_HARDBARRIER) &&
  256. where == ELEVATOR_INSERT_SORT)
  257. where = ELEVATOR_INSERT_BACK;
  258. if (plug)
  259. blk_plug_device(q);
  260. rq->q = q;
  261. if (!test_bit(QUEUE_FLAG_DRAIN, &q->queue_flags)) {
  262. q->elevator->ops->elevator_add_req_fn(q, rq, where);
  263. if (blk_queue_plugged(q)) {
  264. int nrq = q->rq.count[READ] + q->rq.count[WRITE]
  265. - q->in_flight;
  266. if (nrq >= q->unplug_thresh)
  267. __generic_unplug_device(q);
  268. }
  269. } else
  270. /*
  271. * if drain is set, store the request "locally". when the drain
  272. * is finished, the requests will be handed ordered to the io
  273. * scheduler
  274. */
  275. list_add_tail(&rq->queuelist, &q->drain_list);
  276. }
  277. void elv_add_request(request_queue_t *q, struct request *rq, int where,
  278. int plug)
  279. {
  280. unsigned long flags;
  281. spin_lock_irqsave(q->queue_lock, flags);
  282. __elv_add_request(q, rq, where, plug);
  283. spin_unlock_irqrestore(q->queue_lock, flags);
  284. }
  285. static inline struct request *__elv_next_request(request_queue_t *q)
  286. {
  287. struct request *rq = q->elevator->ops->elevator_next_req_fn(q);
  288. /*
  289. * if this is a barrier write and the device has to issue a
  290. * flush sequence to support it, check how far we are
  291. */
  292. if (rq && blk_fs_request(rq) && blk_barrier_rq(rq)) {
  293. BUG_ON(q->ordered == QUEUE_ORDERED_NONE);
  294. if (q->ordered == QUEUE_ORDERED_FLUSH &&
  295. !blk_barrier_preflush(rq))
  296. rq = blk_start_pre_flush(q, rq);
  297. }
  298. return rq;
  299. }
  300. struct request *elv_next_request(request_queue_t *q)
  301. {
  302. struct request *rq;
  303. int ret;
  304. while ((rq = __elv_next_request(q)) != NULL) {
  305. /*
  306. * just mark as started even if we don't start it, a request
  307. * that has been delayed should not be passed by new incoming
  308. * requests
  309. */
  310. rq->flags |= REQ_STARTED;
  311. if (rq == q->last_merge)
  312. q->last_merge = NULL;
  313. if ((rq->flags & REQ_DONTPREP) || !q->prep_rq_fn)
  314. break;
  315. ret = q->prep_rq_fn(q, rq);
  316. if (ret == BLKPREP_OK) {
  317. break;
  318. } else if (ret == BLKPREP_DEFER) {
  319. /*
  320. * the request may have been (partially) prepped.
  321. * we need to keep this request in the front to
  322. * avoid resource deadlock. turn on softbarrier.
  323. */
  324. rq->flags |= REQ_SOFTBARRIER;
  325. rq = NULL;
  326. break;
  327. } else if (ret == BLKPREP_KILL) {
  328. int nr_bytes = rq->hard_nr_sectors << 9;
  329. if (!nr_bytes)
  330. nr_bytes = rq->data_len;
  331. blkdev_dequeue_request(rq);
  332. rq->flags |= REQ_QUIET;
  333. end_that_request_chunk(rq, 0, nr_bytes);
  334. end_that_request_last(rq);
  335. } else {
  336. printk(KERN_ERR "%s: bad return=%d\n", __FUNCTION__,
  337. ret);
  338. break;
  339. }
  340. }
  341. return rq;
  342. }
  343. void elv_remove_request(request_queue_t *q, struct request *rq)
  344. {
  345. elevator_t *e = q->elevator;
  346. /*
  347. * the time frame between a request being removed from the lists
  348. * and to it is freed is accounted as io that is in progress at
  349. * the driver side. note that we only account requests that the
  350. * driver has seen (REQ_STARTED set), to avoid false accounting
  351. * for request-request merges
  352. */
  353. if (blk_account_rq(rq))
  354. q->in_flight++;
  355. /*
  356. * the main clearing point for q->last_merge is on retrieval of
  357. * request by driver (it calls elv_next_request()), but it _can_
  358. * also happen here if a request is added to the queue but later
  359. * deleted without ever being given to driver (merged with another
  360. * request).
  361. */
  362. if (rq == q->last_merge)
  363. q->last_merge = NULL;
  364. if (e->ops->elevator_remove_req_fn)
  365. e->ops->elevator_remove_req_fn(q, rq);
  366. }
  367. int elv_queue_empty(request_queue_t *q)
  368. {
  369. elevator_t *e = q->elevator;
  370. if (e->ops->elevator_queue_empty_fn)
  371. return e->ops->elevator_queue_empty_fn(q);
  372. return list_empty(&q->queue_head);
  373. }
  374. struct request *elv_latter_request(request_queue_t *q, struct request *rq)
  375. {
  376. struct list_head *next;
  377. elevator_t *e = q->elevator;
  378. if (e->ops->elevator_latter_req_fn)
  379. return e->ops->elevator_latter_req_fn(q, rq);
  380. next = rq->queuelist.next;
  381. if (next != &q->queue_head && next != &rq->queuelist)
  382. return list_entry_rq(next);
  383. return NULL;
  384. }
  385. struct request *elv_former_request(request_queue_t *q, struct request *rq)
  386. {
  387. struct list_head *prev;
  388. elevator_t *e = q->elevator;
  389. if (e->ops->elevator_former_req_fn)
  390. return e->ops->elevator_former_req_fn(q, rq);
  391. prev = rq->queuelist.prev;
  392. if (prev != &q->queue_head && prev != &rq->queuelist)
  393. return list_entry_rq(prev);
  394. return NULL;
  395. }
  396. int elv_set_request(request_queue_t *q, struct request *rq, struct bio *bio,
  397. int gfp_mask)
  398. {
  399. elevator_t *e = q->elevator;
  400. if (e->ops->elevator_set_req_fn)
  401. return e->ops->elevator_set_req_fn(q, rq, bio, gfp_mask);
  402. rq->elevator_private = NULL;
  403. return 0;
  404. }
  405. void elv_put_request(request_queue_t *q, struct request *rq)
  406. {
  407. elevator_t *e = q->elevator;
  408. if (e->ops->elevator_put_req_fn)
  409. e->ops->elevator_put_req_fn(q, rq);
  410. }
  411. int elv_may_queue(request_queue_t *q, int rw, struct bio *bio)
  412. {
  413. elevator_t *e = q->elevator;
  414. if (e->ops->elevator_may_queue_fn)
  415. return e->ops->elevator_may_queue_fn(q, rw, bio);
  416. return ELV_MQUEUE_MAY;
  417. }
  418. void elv_completed_request(request_queue_t *q, struct request *rq)
  419. {
  420. elevator_t *e = q->elevator;
  421. /*
  422. * request is released from the driver, io must be done
  423. */
  424. if (blk_account_rq(rq))
  425. q->in_flight--;
  426. if (e->ops->elevator_completed_req_fn)
  427. e->ops->elevator_completed_req_fn(q, rq);
  428. }
  429. int elv_register_queue(struct request_queue *q)
  430. {
  431. elevator_t *e = q->elevator;
  432. e->kobj.parent = kobject_get(&q->kobj);
  433. if (!e->kobj.parent)
  434. return -EBUSY;
  435. snprintf(e->kobj.name, KOBJ_NAME_LEN, "%s", "iosched");
  436. e->kobj.ktype = e->elevator_type->elevator_ktype;
  437. return kobject_register(&e->kobj);
  438. }
  439. void elv_unregister_queue(struct request_queue *q)
  440. {
  441. if (q) {
  442. elevator_t *e = q->elevator;
  443. kobject_unregister(&e->kobj);
  444. kobject_put(&q->kobj);
  445. }
  446. }
  447. int elv_register(struct elevator_type *e)
  448. {
  449. if (elevator_find(e->elevator_name))
  450. BUG();
  451. spin_lock_irq(&elv_list_lock);
  452. list_add_tail(&e->list, &elv_list);
  453. spin_unlock_irq(&elv_list_lock);
  454. printk(KERN_INFO "io scheduler %s registered", e->elevator_name);
  455. if (!strcmp(e->elevator_name, chosen_elevator))
  456. printk(" (default)");
  457. printk("\n");
  458. return 0;
  459. }
  460. EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(elv_register);
  461. void elv_unregister(struct elevator_type *e)
  462. {
  463. spin_lock_irq(&elv_list_lock);
  464. list_del_init(&e->list);
  465. spin_unlock_irq(&elv_list_lock);
  466. }
  467. EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(elv_unregister);
  468. /*
  469. * switch to new_e io scheduler. be careful not to introduce deadlocks -
  470. * we don't free the old io scheduler, before we have allocated what we
  471. * need for the new one. this way we have a chance of going back to the old
  472. * one, if the new one fails init for some reason. we also do an intermediate
  473. * switch to noop to ensure safety with stack-allocated requests, since they
  474. * don't originate from the block layer allocator. noop is safe here, because
  475. * it never needs to touch the elevator itself for completion events. DRAIN
  476. * flags will make sure we don't touch it for additions either.
  477. */
  478. static void elevator_switch(request_queue_t *q, struct elevator_type *new_e)
  479. {
  480. elevator_t *e = kmalloc(sizeof(elevator_t), GFP_KERNEL);
  481. struct elevator_type *noop_elevator = NULL;
  482. elevator_t *old_elevator;
  483. if (!e)
  484. goto error;
  485. /*
  486. * first step, drain requests from the block freelist
  487. */
  488. blk_wait_queue_drained(q, 0);
  489. /*
  490. * unregister old elevator data
  491. */
  492. elv_unregister_queue(q);
  493. old_elevator = q->elevator;
  494. /*
  495. * next step, switch to noop since it uses no private rq structures
  496. * and doesn't allocate any memory for anything. then wait for any
  497. * non-fs requests in-flight
  498. */
  499. noop_elevator = elevator_get("noop");
  500. spin_lock_irq(q->queue_lock);
  501. elevator_attach(q, noop_elevator, e);
  502. spin_unlock_irq(q->queue_lock);
  503. blk_wait_queue_drained(q, 1);
  504. /*
  505. * attach and start new elevator
  506. */
  507. if (elevator_attach(q, new_e, e))
  508. goto fail;
  509. if (elv_register_queue(q))
  510. goto fail_register;
  511. /*
  512. * finally exit old elevator and start queue again
  513. */
  514. elevator_exit(old_elevator);
  515. blk_finish_queue_drain(q);
  516. elevator_put(noop_elevator);
  517. return;
  518. fail_register:
  519. /*
  520. * switch failed, exit the new io scheduler and reattach the old
  521. * one again (along with re-adding the sysfs dir)
  522. */
  523. elevator_exit(e);
  524. fail:
  525. q->elevator = old_elevator;
  526. elv_register_queue(q);
  527. blk_finish_queue_drain(q);
  528. error:
  529. if (noop_elevator)
  530. elevator_put(noop_elevator);
  531. elevator_put(new_e);
  532. printk(KERN_ERR "elevator: switch to %s failed\n",new_e->elevator_name);
  533. }
  534. ssize_t elv_iosched_store(request_queue_t *q, const char *name, size_t count)
  535. {
  536. char elevator_name[ELV_NAME_MAX];
  537. struct elevator_type *e;
  538. memset(elevator_name, 0, sizeof(elevator_name));
  539. strncpy(elevator_name, name, sizeof(elevator_name));
  540. if (elevator_name[strlen(elevator_name) - 1] == '\n')
  541. elevator_name[strlen(elevator_name) - 1] = '\0';
  542. e = elevator_get(elevator_name);
  543. if (!e) {
  544. printk(KERN_ERR "elevator: type %s not found\n", elevator_name);
  545. return -EINVAL;
  546. }
  547. if (!strcmp(elevator_name, q->elevator->elevator_type->elevator_name))
  548. return count;
  549. elevator_switch(q, e);
  550. return count;
  551. }
  552. ssize_t elv_iosched_show(request_queue_t *q, char *name)
  553. {
  554. elevator_t *e = q->elevator;
  555. struct elevator_type *elv = e->elevator_type;
  556. struct list_head *entry;
  557. int len = 0;
  558. spin_lock_irq(q->queue_lock);
  559. list_for_each(entry, &elv_list) {
  560. struct elevator_type *__e;
  561. __e = list_entry(entry, struct elevator_type, list);
  562. if (!strcmp(elv->elevator_name, __e->elevator_name))
  563. len += sprintf(name+len, "[%s] ", elv->elevator_name);
  564. else
  565. len += sprintf(name+len, "%s ", __e->elevator_name);
  566. }
  567. spin_unlock_irq(q->queue_lock);
  568. len += sprintf(len+name, "\n");
  569. return len;
  570. }
  571. EXPORT_SYMBOL(elv_add_request);
  572. EXPORT_SYMBOL(__elv_add_request);
  573. EXPORT_SYMBOL(elv_requeue_request);
  574. EXPORT_SYMBOL(elv_next_request);
  575. EXPORT_SYMBOL(elv_remove_request);
  576. EXPORT_SYMBOL(elv_queue_empty);
  577. EXPORT_SYMBOL(elv_completed_request);
  578. EXPORT_SYMBOL(elevator_exit);
  579. EXPORT_SYMBOL(elevator_init);