usb-skeleton.c 9.6 KB

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  1. /*
  2. * USB Skeleton driver - 2.0
  3. *
  4. * Copyright (C) 2001-2004 Greg Kroah-Hartman (greg@kroah.com)
  5. *
  6. * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
  7. * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
  8. * published by the Free Software Foundation, version 2.
  9. *
  10. * This driver is based on the 2.6.3 version of drivers/usb/usb-skeleton.c
  11. * but has been rewritten to be easy to read and use, as no locks are now
  12. * needed anymore.
  13. *
  14. */
  15. #include <linux/config.h>
  16. #include <linux/kernel.h>
  17. #include <linux/errno.h>
  18. #include <linux/init.h>
  19. #include <linux/slab.h>
  20. #include <linux/module.h>
  21. #include <linux/kref.h>
  22. #include <asm/uaccess.h>
  23. #include <linux/usb.h>
  24. /* Define these values to match your devices */
  25. #define USB_SKEL_VENDOR_ID 0xfff0
  26. #define USB_SKEL_PRODUCT_ID 0xfff0
  27. /* table of devices that work with this driver */
  28. static struct usb_device_id skel_table [] = {
  29. { USB_DEVICE(USB_SKEL_VENDOR_ID, USB_SKEL_PRODUCT_ID) },
  30. { } /* Terminating entry */
  31. };
  32. MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE (usb, skel_table);
  33. /* Get a minor range for your devices from the usb maintainer */
  34. #define USB_SKEL_MINOR_BASE 192
  35. /* our private defines. if this grows any larger, use your own .h file */
  36. #define MAX_TRANSFER ( PAGE_SIZE - 512 )
  37. #define WRITES_IN_FLIGHT 8
  38. /* Structure to hold all of our device specific stuff */
  39. struct usb_skel {
  40. struct usb_device * udev; /* the usb device for this device */
  41. struct usb_interface * interface; /* the interface for this device */
  42. struct semaphore limit_sem; /* limiting the number of writes in progress */
  43. unsigned char * bulk_in_buffer; /* the buffer to receive data */
  44. size_t bulk_in_size; /* the size of the receive buffer */
  45. __u8 bulk_in_endpointAddr; /* the address of the bulk in endpoint */
  46. __u8 bulk_out_endpointAddr; /* the address of the bulk out endpoint */
  47. struct kref kref;
  48. };
  49. #define to_skel_dev(d) container_of(d, struct usb_skel, kref)
  50. static struct usb_driver skel_driver;
  51. static void skel_delete(struct kref *kref)
  52. {
  53. struct usb_skel *dev = to_skel_dev(kref);
  54. usb_put_dev(dev->udev);
  55. kfree (dev->bulk_in_buffer);
  56. kfree (dev);
  57. }
  58. static int skel_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
  59. {
  60. struct usb_skel *dev;
  61. struct usb_interface *interface;
  62. int subminor;
  63. int retval = 0;
  64. subminor = iminor(inode);
  65. interface = usb_find_interface(&skel_driver, subminor);
  66. if (!interface) {
  67. err ("%s - error, can't find device for minor %d",
  68. __FUNCTION__, subminor);
  69. retval = -ENODEV;
  70. goto exit;
  71. }
  72. dev = usb_get_intfdata(interface);
  73. if (!dev) {
  74. retval = -ENODEV;
  75. goto exit;
  76. }
  77. /* increment our usage count for the device */
  78. kref_get(&dev->kref);
  79. /* save our object in the file's private structure */
  80. file->private_data = dev;
  81. exit:
  82. return retval;
  83. }
  84. static int skel_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
  85. {
  86. struct usb_skel *dev;
  87. dev = (struct usb_skel *)file->private_data;
  88. if (dev == NULL)
  89. return -ENODEV;
  90. /* decrement the count on our device */
  91. kref_put(&dev->kref, skel_delete);
  92. return 0;
  93. }
  94. static ssize_t skel_read(struct file *file, char *buffer, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
  95. {
  96. struct usb_skel *dev;
  97. int retval = 0;
  98. int bytes_read;
  99. dev = (struct usb_skel *)file->private_data;
  100. /* do a blocking bulk read to get data from the device */
  101. retval = usb_bulk_msg(dev->udev,
  102. usb_rcvbulkpipe(dev->udev, dev->bulk_in_endpointAddr),
  103. dev->bulk_in_buffer,
  104. min(dev->bulk_in_size, count),
  105. &bytes_read, 10000);
  106. /* if the read was successful, copy the data to userspace */
  107. if (!retval) {
  108. if (copy_to_user(buffer, dev->bulk_in_buffer, bytes_read))
  109. retval = -EFAULT;
  110. else
  111. retval = bytes_read;
  112. }
  113. return retval;
  114. }
  115. static void skel_write_bulk_callback(struct urb *urb, struct pt_regs *regs)
  116. {
  117. struct usb_skel *dev;
  118. dev = (struct usb_skel *)urb->context;
  119. /* sync/async unlink faults aren't errors */
  120. if (urb->status &&
  121. !(urb->status == -ENOENT ||
  122. urb->status == -ECONNRESET ||
  123. urb->status == -ESHUTDOWN)) {
  124. dbg("%s - nonzero write bulk status received: %d",
  125. __FUNCTION__, urb->status);
  126. }
  127. /* free up our allocated buffer */
  128. usb_buffer_free(urb->dev, urb->transfer_buffer_length,
  129. urb->transfer_buffer, urb->transfer_dma);
  130. up(&dev->limit_sem);
  131. }
  132. static ssize_t skel_write(struct file *file, const char *user_buffer, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
  133. {
  134. struct usb_skel *dev;
  135. int retval = 0;
  136. struct urb *urb = NULL;
  137. char *buf = NULL;
  138. size_t writesize = min(count, (size_t)MAX_TRANSFER);
  139. dev = (struct usb_skel *)file->private_data;
  140. /* verify that we actually have some data to write */
  141. if (count == 0)
  142. goto exit;
  143. /* limit the number of URBs in flight to stop a user from using up all RAM */
  144. if (down_interruptible(&dev->limit_sem)) {
  145. retval = -ERESTARTSYS;
  146. goto exit;
  147. }
  148. /* create a urb, and a buffer for it, and copy the data to the urb */
  149. urb = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL);
  150. if (!urb) {
  151. retval = -ENOMEM;
  152. goto error;
  153. }
  154. buf = usb_buffer_alloc(dev->udev, writesize, GFP_KERNEL, &urb->transfer_dma);
  155. if (!buf) {
  156. retval = -ENOMEM;
  157. goto error;
  158. }
  159. if (copy_from_user(buf, user_buffer, writesize)) {
  160. retval = -EFAULT;
  161. goto error;
  162. }
  163. /* initialize the urb properly */
  164. usb_fill_bulk_urb(urb, dev->udev,
  165. usb_sndbulkpipe(dev->udev, dev->bulk_out_endpointAddr),
  166. buf, writesize, skel_write_bulk_callback, dev);
  167. urb->transfer_flags |= URB_NO_TRANSFER_DMA_MAP;
  168. /* send the data out the bulk port */
  169. retval = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_KERNEL);
  170. if (retval) {
  171. err("%s - failed submitting write urb, error %d", __FUNCTION__, retval);
  172. goto error;
  173. }
  174. /* release our reference to this urb, the USB core will eventually free it entirely */
  175. usb_free_urb(urb);
  176. exit:
  177. return writesize;
  178. error:
  179. usb_buffer_free(dev->udev, writesize, buf, urb->transfer_dma);
  180. usb_free_urb(urb);
  181. up(&dev->limit_sem);
  182. return retval;
  183. }
  184. static struct file_operations skel_fops = {
  185. .owner = THIS_MODULE,
  186. .read = skel_read,
  187. .write = skel_write,
  188. .open = skel_open,
  189. .release = skel_release,
  190. };
  191. /*
  192. * usb class driver info in order to get a minor number from the usb core,
  193. * and to have the device registered with the driver core
  194. */
  195. static struct usb_class_driver skel_class = {
  196. .name = "skel%d",
  197. .fops = &skel_fops,
  198. .minor_base = USB_SKEL_MINOR_BASE,
  199. };
  200. static int skel_probe(struct usb_interface *interface, const struct usb_device_id *id)
  201. {
  202. struct usb_skel *dev = NULL;
  203. struct usb_host_interface *iface_desc;
  204. struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *endpoint;
  205. size_t buffer_size;
  206. int i;
  207. int retval = -ENOMEM;
  208. /* allocate memory for our device state and initialize it */
  209. dev = kzalloc(sizeof(*dev), GFP_KERNEL);
  210. if (dev == NULL) {
  211. err("Out of memory");
  212. goto error;
  213. }
  214. kref_init(&dev->kref);
  215. sema_init(&dev->limit_sem, WRITES_IN_FLIGHT);
  216. dev->udev = usb_get_dev(interface_to_usbdev(interface));
  217. dev->interface = interface;
  218. /* set up the endpoint information */
  219. /* use only the first bulk-in and bulk-out endpoints */
  220. iface_desc = interface->cur_altsetting;
  221. for (i = 0; i < iface_desc->desc.bNumEndpoints; ++i) {
  222. endpoint = &iface_desc->endpoint[i].desc;
  223. if (!dev->bulk_in_endpointAddr &&
  224. ((endpoint->bEndpointAddress & USB_ENDPOINT_DIR_MASK)
  225. == USB_DIR_IN) &&
  226. ((endpoint->bmAttributes & USB_ENDPOINT_XFERTYPE_MASK)
  227. == USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_BULK)) {
  228. /* we found a bulk in endpoint */
  229. buffer_size = le16_to_cpu(endpoint->wMaxPacketSize);
  230. dev->bulk_in_size = buffer_size;
  231. dev->bulk_in_endpointAddr = endpoint->bEndpointAddress;
  232. dev->bulk_in_buffer = kmalloc(buffer_size, GFP_KERNEL);
  233. if (!dev->bulk_in_buffer) {
  234. err("Could not allocate bulk_in_buffer");
  235. goto error;
  236. }
  237. }
  238. if (!dev->bulk_out_endpointAddr &&
  239. ((endpoint->bEndpointAddress & USB_ENDPOINT_DIR_MASK)
  240. == USB_DIR_OUT) &&
  241. ((endpoint->bmAttributes & USB_ENDPOINT_XFERTYPE_MASK)
  242. == USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_BULK)) {
  243. /* we found a bulk out endpoint */
  244. dev->bulk_out_endpointAddr = endpoint->bEndpointAddress;
  245. }
  246. }
  247. if (!(dev->bulk_in_endpointAddr && dev->bulk_out_endpointAddr)) {
  248. err("Could not find both bulk-in and bulk-out endpoints");
  249. goto error;
  250. }
  251. /* save our data pointer in this interface device */
  252. usb_set_intfdata(interface, dev);
  253. /* we can register the device now, as it is ready */
  254. retval = usb_register_dev(interface, &skel_class);
  255. if (retval) {
  256. /* something prevented us from registering this driver */
  257. err("Not able to get a minor for this device.");
  258. usb_set_intfdata(interface, NULL);
  259. goto error;
  260. }
  261. /* let the user know what node this device is now attached to */
  262. info("USB Skeleton device now attached to USBSkel-%d", interface->minor);
  263. return 0;
  264. error:
  265. if (dev)
  266. kref_put(&dev->kref, skel_delete);
  267. return retval;
  268. }
  269. static void skel_disconnect(struct usb_interface *interface)
  270. {
  271. struct usb_skel *dev;
  272. int minor = interface->minor;
  273. /* prevent skel_open() from racing skel_disconnect() */
  274. lock_kernel();
  275. dev = usb_get_intfdata(interface);
  276. usb_set_intfdata(interface, NULL);
  277. /* give back our minor */
  278. usb_deregister_dev(interface, &skel_class);
  279. unlock_kernel();
  280. /* decrement our usage count */
  281. kref_put(&dev->kref, skel_delete);
  282. info("USB Skeleton #%d now disconnected", minor);
  283. }
  284. static struct usb_driver skel_driver = {
  285. .name = "skeleton",
  286. .probe = skel_probe,
  287. .disconnect = skel_disconnect,
  288. .id_table = skel_table,
  289. };
  290. static int __init usb_skel_init(void)
  291. {
  292. int result;
  293. /* register this driver with the USB subsystem */
  294. result = usb_register(&skel_driver);
  295. if (result)
  296. err("usb_register failed. Error number %d", result);
  297. return result;
  298. }
  299. static void __exit usb_skel_exit(void)
  300. {
  301. /* deregister this driver with the USB subsystem */
  302. usb_deregister(&skel_driver);
  303. }
  304. module_init (usb_skel_init);
  305. module_exit (usb_skel_exit);
  306. MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");