usb-skeleton.c 10 KB

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  1. /*
  2. * USB Skeleton driver - 2.2
  3. *
  4. * Copyright (C) 2001-2004 Greg Kroah-Hartman (greg@kroah.com)
  5. *
  6. * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
  7. * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
  8. * published by the Free Software Foundation, version 2.
  9. *
  10. * This driver is based on the 2.6.3 version of drivers/usb/usb-skeleton.c
  11. * but has been rewritten to be easier to read and use.
  12. *
  13. */
  14. #include <linux/kernel.h>
  15. #include <linux/errno.h>
  16. #include <linux/init.h>
  17. #include <linux/slab.h>
  18. #include <linux/module.h>
  19. #include <linux/kref.h>
  20. #include <asm/uaccess.h>
  21. #include <linux/usb.h>
  22. #include <linux/mutex.h>
  23. /* Define these values to match your devices */
  24. #define USB_SKEL_VENDOR_ID 0xfff0
  25. #define USB_SKEL_PRODUCT_ID 0xfff0
  26. /* table of devices that work with this driver */
  27. static struct usb_device_id skel_table [] = {
  28. { USB_DEVICE(USB_SKEL_VENDOR_ID, USB_SKEL_PRODUCT_ID) },
  29. { } /* Terminating entry */
  30. };
  31. MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(usb, skel_table);
  32. /* Get a minor range for your devices from the usb maintainer */
  33. #define USB_SKEL_MINOR_BASE 192
  34. /* our private defines. if this grows any larger, use your own .h file */
  35. #define MAX_TRANSFER (PAGE_SIZE - 512)
  36. /* MAX_TRANSFER is chosen so that the VM is not stressed by
  37. allocations > PAGE_SIZE and the number of packets in a page
  38. is an integer 512 is the largest possible packet on EHCI */
  39. #define WRITES_IN_FLIGHT 8
  40. /* arbitrarily chosen */
  41. /* Structure to hold all of our device specific stuff */
  42. struct usb_skel {
  43. struct usb_device *udev; /* the usb device for this device */
  44. struct usb_interface *interface; /* the interface for this device */
  45. struct semaphore limit_sem; /* limiting the number of writes in progress */
  46. unsigned char *bulk_in_buffer; /* the buffer to receive data */
  47. size_t bulk_in_size; /* the size of the receive buffer */
  48. __u8 bulk_in_endpointAddr; /* the address of the bulk in endpoint */
  49. __u8 bulk_out_endpointAddr; /* the address of the bulk out endpoint */
  50. struct kref kref;
  51. struct mutex io_mutex; /* synchronize I/O with disconnect */
  52. };
  53. #define to_skel_dev(d) container_of(d, struct usb_skel, kref)
  54. static struct usb_driver skel_driver;
  55. static void skel_delete(struct kref *kref)
  56. {
  57. struct usb_skel *dev = to_skel_dev(kref);
  58. usb_put_dev(dev->udev);
  59. kfree(dev->bulk_in_buffer);
  60. kfree(dev);
  61. }
  62. static int skel_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
  63. {
  64. struct usb_skel *dev;
  65. struct usb_interface *interface;
  66. int subminor;
  67. int retval = 0;
  68. subminor = iminor(inode);
  69. interface = usb_find_interface(&skel_driver, subminor);
  70. if (!interface) {
  71. err ("%s - error, can't find device for minor %d",
  72. __FUNCTION__, subminor);
  73. retval = -ENODEV;
  74. goto exit;
  75. }
  76. dev = usb_get_intfdata(interface);
  77. if (!dev) {
  78. retval = -ENODEV;
  79. goto exit;
  80. }
  81. /* increment our usage count for the device */
  82. kref_get(&dev->kref);
  83. /* prevent the device from being autosuspended */
  84. retval = usb_autopm_get_interface(interface);
  85. if (retval) {
  86. kref_put(&dev->kref, skel_delete);
  87. goto exit;
  88. }
  89. /* save our object in the file's private structure */
  90. file->private_data = dev;
  91. exit:
  92. return retval;
  93. }
  94. static int skel_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
  95. {
  96. struct usb_skel *dev;
  97. dev = (struct usb_skel *)file->private_data;
  98. if (dev == NULL)
  99. return -ENODEV;
  100. /* allow the device to be autosuspended */
  101. mutex_lock(&dev->io_mutex);
  102. if (dev->interface)
  103. usb_autopm_put_interface(dev->interface);
  104. mutex_unlock(&dev->io_mutex);
  105. /* decrement the count on our device */
  106. kref_put(&dev->kref, skel_delete);
  107. return 0;
  108. }
  109. static ssize_t skel_read(struct file *file, char *buffer, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
  110. {
  111. struct usb_skel *dev;
  112. int retval;
  113. int bytes_read;
  114. dev = (struct usb_skel *)file->private_data;
  115. mutex_lock(&dev->io_mutex);
  116. if (!dev->interface) { /* disconnect() was called */
  117. retval = -ENODEV;
  118. goto exit;
  119. }
  120. /* do a blocking bulk read to get data from the device */
  121. retval = usb_bulk_msg(dev->udev,
  122. usb_rcvbulkpipe(dev->udev, dev->bulk_in_endpointAddr),
  123. dev->bulk_in_buffer,
  124. min(dev->bulk_in_size, count),
  125. &bytes_read, 10000);
  126. /* if the read was successful, copy the data to userspace */
  127. if (!retval) {
  128. if (copy_to_user(buffer, dev->bulk_in_buffer, bytes_read))
  129. retval = -EFAULT;
  130. else
  131. retval = bytes_read;
  132. }
  133. exit:
  134. mutex_unlock(&dev->io_mutex);
  135. return retval;
  136. }
  137. static void skel_write_bulk_callback(struct urb *urb)
  138. {
  139. struct usb_skel *dev;
  140. dev = (struct usb_skel *)urb->context;
  141. /* sync/async unlink faults aren't errors */
  142. if (urb->status &&
  143. !(urb->status == -ENOENT ||
  144. urb->status == -ECONNRESET ||
  145. urb->status == -ESHUTDOWN)) {
  146. err("%s - nonzero write bulk status received: %d",
  147. __FUNCTION__, urb->status);
  148. }
  149. /* free up our allocated buffer */
  150. usb_buffer_free(urb->dev, urb->transfer_buffer_length,
  151. urb->transfer_buffer, urb->transfer_dma);
  152. up(&dev->limit_sem);
  153. }
  154. static ssize_t skel_write(struct file *file, const char *user_buffer, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
  155. {
  156. struct usb_skel *dev;
  157. int retval = 0;
  158. struct urb *urb = NULL;
  159. char *buf = NULL;
  160. size_t writesize = min(count, (size_t)MAX_TRANSFER);
  161. dev = (struct usb_skel *)file->private_data;
  162. /* verify that we actually have some data to write */
  163. if (count == 0)
  164. goto exit;
  165. /* limit the number of URBs in flight to stop a user from using up all RAM */
  166. if (down_interruptible(&dev->limit_sem)) {
  167. retval = -ERESTARTSYS;
  168. goto exit;
  169. }
  170. /* create a urb, and a buffer for it, and copy the data to the urb */
  171. urb = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL);
  172. if (!urb) {
  173. retval = -ENOMEM;
  174. goto error;
  175. }
  176. buf = usb_buffer_alloc(dev->udev, writesize, GFP_KERNEL, &urb->transfer_dma);
  177. if (!buf) {
  178. retval = -ENOMEM;
  179. goto error;
  180. }
  181. if (copy_from_user(buf, user_buffer, writesize)) {
  182. retval = -EFAULT;
  183. goto error;
  184. }
  185. /* this lock makes sure we don't submit URBs to gone devices */
  186. mutex_lock(&dev->io_mutex);
  187. if (!dev->interface) { /* disconnect() was called */
  188. mutex_unlock(&dev->io_mutex);
  189. retval = -ENODEV;
  190. goto error;
  191. }
  192. /* initialize the urb properly */
  193. usb_fill_bulk_urb(urb, dev->udev,
  194. usb_sndbulkpipe(dev->udev, dev->bulk_out_endpointAddr),
  195. buf, writesize, skel_write_bulk_callback, dev);
  196. urb->transfer_flags |= URB_NO_TRANSFER_DMA_MAP;
  197. /* send the data out the bulk port */
  198. retval = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_KERNEL);
  199. mutex_unlock(&dev->io_mutex);
  200. if (retval) {
  201. err("%s - failed submitting write urb, error %d", __FUNCTION__, retval);
  202. goto error;
  203. }
  204. /* release our reference to this urb, the USB core will eventually free it entirely */
  205. usb_free_urb(urb);
  206. return writesize;
  207. error:
  208. if (urb) {
  209. usb_buffer_free(dev->udev, writesize, buf, urb->transfer_dma);
  210. usb_free_urb(urb);
  211. }
  212. up(&dev->limit_sem);
  213. exit:
  214. return retval;
  215. }
  216. static const struct file_operations skel_fops = {
  217. .owner = THIS_MODULE,
  218. .read = skel_read,
  219. .write = skel_write,
  220. .open = skel_open,
  221. .release = skel_release,
  222. };
  223. /*
  224. * usb class driver info in order to get a minor number from the usb core,
  225. * and to have the device registered with the driver core
  226. */
  227. static struct usb_class_driver skel_class = {
  228. .name = "skel%d",
  229. .fops = &skel_fops,
  230. .minor_base = USB_SKEL_MINOR_BASE,
  231. };
  232. static int skel_probe(struct usb_interface *interface, const struct usb_device_id *id)
  233. {
  234. struct usb_skel *dev;
  235. struct usb_host_interface *iface_desc;
  236. struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *endpoint;
  237. size_t buffer_size;
  238. int i;
  239. int retval = -ENOMEM;
  240. /* allocate memory for our device state and initialize it */
  241. dev = kzalloc(sizeof(*dev), GFP_KERNEL);
  242. if (!dev) {
  243. err("Out of memory");
  244. goto error;
  245. }
  246. kref_init(&dev->kref);
  247. sema_init(&dev->limit_sem, WRITES_IN_FLIGHT);
  248. mutex_init(&dev->io_mutex);
  249. dev->udev = usb_get_dev(interface_to_usbdev(interface));
  250. dev->interface = interface;
  251. /* set up the endpoint information */
  252. /* use only the first bulk-in and bulk-out endpoints */
  253. iface_desc = interface->cur_altsetting;
  254. for (i = 0; i < iface_desc->desc.bNumEndpoints; ++i) {
  255. endpoint = &iface_desc->endpoint[i].desc;
  256. if (!dev->bulk_in_endpointAddr &&
  257. usb_endpoint_is_bulk_in(endpoint)) {
  258. /* we found a bulk in endpoint */
  259. buffer_size = le16_to_cpu(endpoint->wMaxPacketSize);
  260. dev->bulk_in_size = buffer_size;
  261. dev->bulk_in_endpointAddr = endpoint->bEndpointAddress;
  262. dev->bulk_in_buffer = kmalloc(buffer_size, GFP_KERNEL);
  263. if (!dev->bulk_in_buffer) {
  264. err("Could not allocate bulk_in_buffer");
  265. goto error;
  266. }
  267. }
  268. if (!dev->bulk_out_endpointAddr &&
  269. usb_endpoint_is_bulk_out(endpoint)) {
  270. /* we found a bulk out endpoint */
  271. dev->bulk_out_endpointAddr = endpoint->bEndpointAddress;
  272. }
  273. }
  274. if (!(dev->bulk_in_endpointAddr && dev->bulk_out_endpointAddr)) {
  275. err("Could not find both bulk-in and bulk-out endpoints");
  276. goto error;
  277. }
  278. /* save our data pointer in this interface device */
  279. usb_set_intfdata(interface, dev);
  280. /* we can register the device now, as it is ready */
  281. retval = usb_register_dev(interface, &skel_class);
  282. if (retval) {
  283. /* something prevented us from registering this driver */
  284. err("Not able to get a minor for this device.");
  285. usb_set_intfdata(interface, NULL);
  286. goto error;
  287. }
  288. /* let the user know what node this device is now attached to */
  289. info("USB Skeleton device now attached to USBSkel-%d", interface->minor);
  290. return 0;
  291. error:
  292. if (dev)
  293. /* this frees allocated memory */
  294. kref_put(&dev->kref, skel_delete);
  295. return retval;
  296. }
  297. static void skel_disconnect(struct usb_interface *interface)
  298. {
  299. struct usb_skel *dev;
  300. int minor = interface->minor;
  301. dev = usb_get_intfdata(interface);
  302. usb_set_intfdata(interface, NULL);
  303. /* give back our minor */
  304. usb_deregister_dev(interface, &skel_class);
  305. /* prevent more I/O from starting */
  306. mutex_lock(&dev->io_mutex);
  307. dev->interface = NULL;
  308. mutex_unlock(&dev->io_mutex);
  309. /* decrement our usage count */
  310. kref_put(&dev->kref, skel_delete);
  311. info("USB Skeleton #%d now disconnected", minor);
  312. }
  313. static struct usb_driver skel_driver = {
  314. .name = "skeleton",
  315. .probe = skel_probe,
  316. .disconnect = skel_disconnect,
  317. .id_table = skel_table,
  318. .supports_autosuspend = 1,
  319. };
  320. static int __init usb_skel_init(void)
  321. {
  322. int result;
  323. /* register this driver with the USB subsystem */
  324. result = usb_register(&skel_driver);
  325. if (result)
  326. err("usb_register failed. Error number %d", result);
  327. return result;
  328. }
  329. static void __exit usb_skel_exit(void)
  330. {
  331. /* deregister this driver with the USB subsystem */
  332. usb_deregister(&skel_driver);
  333. }
  334. module_init(usb_skel_init);
  335. module_exit(usb_skel_exit);
  336. MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");