init.c 15 KB

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  1. #include <linux/gfp.h>
  2. #include <linux/initrd.h>
  3. #include <linux/ioport.h>
  4. #include <linux/swap.h>
  5. #include <linux/memblock.h>
  6. #include <linux/bootmem.h> /* for max_low_pfn */
  7. #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
  8. #include <asm/e820.h>
  9. #include <asm/init.h>
  10. #include <asm/page.h>
  11. #include <asm/page_types.h>
  12. #include <asm/sections.h>
  13. #include <asm/setup.h>
  14. #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
  15. #include <asm/tlb.h>
  16. #include <asm/proto.h>
  17. #include <asm/dma.h> /* for MAX_DMA_PFN */
  18. #include "mm_internal.h"
  19. static unsigned long __initdata pgt_buf_start;
  20. static unsigned long __initdata pgt_buf_end;
  21. static unsigned long __initdata pgt_buf_top;
  22. static unsigned long min_pfn_mapped;
  23. static bool __initdata can_use_brk_pgt = true;
  24. /*
  25. * Pages returned are already directly mapped.
  26. *
  27. * Changing that is likely to break Xen, see commit:
  28. *
  29. * 279b706 x86,xen: introduce x86_init.mapping.pagetable_reserve
  30. *
  31. * for detailed information.
  32. */
  33. __ref void *alloc_low_pages(unsigned int num)
  34. {
  35. unsigned long pfn;
  36. int i;
  37. if (after_bootmem) {
  38. unsigned int order;
  39. order = get_order((unsigned long)num << PAGE_SHIFT);
  40. return (void *)__get_free_pages(GFP_ATOMIC | __GFP_NOTRACK |
  41. __GFP_ZERO, order);
  42. }
  43. if ((pgt_buf_end + num) > pgt_buf_top || !can_use_brk_pgt) {
  44. unsigned long ret;
  45. if (min_pfn_mapped >= max_pfn_mapped)
  46. panic("alloc_low_page: ran out of memory");
  47. ret = memblock_find_in_range(min_pfn_mapped << PAGE_SHIFT,
  48. max_pfn_mapped << PAGE_SHIFT,
  49. PAGE_SIZE * num , PAGE_SIZE);
  50. if (!ret)
  51. panic("alloc_low_page: can not alloc memory");
  52. memblock_reserve(ret, PAGE_SIZE * num);
  53. pfn = ret >> PAGE_SHIFT;
  54. } else {
  55. pfn = pgt_buf_end;
  56. pgt_buf_end += num;
  57. printk(KERN_DEBUG "BRK [%#010lx, %#010lx] PGTABLE\n",
  58. pfn << PAGE_SHIFT, (pgt_buf_end << PAGE_SHIFT) - 1);
  59. }
  60. for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
  61. void *adr;
  62. adr = __va((pfn + i) << PAGE_SHIFT);
  63. clear_page(adr);
  64. }
  65. return __va(pfn << PAGE_SHIFT);
  66. }
  67. /* need 4 4k for initial PMD_SIZE, 4k for 0-ISA_END_ADDRESS */
  68. #define INIT_PGT_BUF_SIZE (5 * PAGE_SIZE)
  69. RESERVE_BRK(early_pgt_alloc, INIT_PGT_BUF_SIZE);
  70. void __init early_alloc_pgt_buf(void)
  71. {
  72. unsigned long tables = INIT_PGT_BUF_SIZE;
  73. phys_addr_t base;
  74. base = __pa(extend_brk(tables, PAGE_SIZE));
  75. pgt_buf_start = base >> PAGE_SHIFT;
  76. pgt_buf_end = pgt_buf_start;
  77. pgt_buf_top = pgt_buf_start + (tables >> PAGE_SHIFT);
  78. }
  79. int after_bootmem;
  80. int direct_gbpages
  81. #ifdef CONFIG_DIRECT_GBPAGES
  82. = 1
  83. #endif
  84. ;
  85. static void __init init_gbpages(void)
  86. {
  87. #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
  88. if (direct_gbpages && cpu_has_gbpages)
  89. printk(KERN_INFO "Using GB pages for direct mapping\n");
  90. else
  91. direct_gbpages = 0;
  92. #endif
  93. }
  94. struct map_range {
  95. unsigned long start;
  96. unsigned long end;
  97. unsigned page_size_mask;
  98. };
  99. static int page_size_mask;
  100. static void __init probe_page_size_mask(void)
  101. {
  102. init_gbpages();
  103. #if !defined(CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC) && !defined(CONFIG_KMEMCHECK)
  104. /*
  105. * For CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC, identity mapping will use small pages.
  106. * This will simplify cpa(), which otherwise needs to support splitting
  107. * large pages into small in interrupt context, etc.
  108. */
  109. if (direct_gbpages)
  110. page_size_mask |= 1 << PG_LEVEL_1G;
  111. if (cpu_has_pse)
  112. page_size_mask |= 1 << PG_LEVEL_2M;
  113. #endif
  114. /* Enable PSE if available */
  115. if (cpu_has_pse)
  116. set_in_cr4(X86_CR4_PSE);
  117. /* Enable PGE if available */
  118. if (cpu_has_pge) {
  119. set_in_cr4(X86_CR4_PGE);
  120. __supported_pte_mask |= _PAGE_GLOBAL;
  121. }
  122. }
  123. #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
  124. #define NR_RANGE_MR 3
  125. #else /* CONFIG_X86_64 */
  126. #define NR_RANGE_MR 5
  127. #endif
  128. static int __meminit save_mr(struct map_range *mr, int nr_range,
  129. unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn,
  130. unsigned long page_size_mask)
  131. {
  132. if (start_pfn < end_pfn) {
  133. if (nr_range >= NR_RANGE_MR)
  134. panic("run out of range for init_memory_mapping\n");
  135. mr[nr_range].start = start_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT;
  136. mr[nr_range].end = end_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT;
  137. mr[nr_range].page_size_mask = page_size_mask;
  138. nr_range++;
  139. }
  140. return nr_range;
  141. }
  142. /*
  143. * adjust the page_size_mask for small range to go with
  144. * big page size instead small one if nearby are ram too.
  145. */
  146. static void __init_refok adjust_range_page_size_mask(struct map_range *mr,
  147. int nr_range)
  148. {
  149. int i;
  150. for (i = 0; i < nr_range; i++) {
  151. if ((page_size_mask & (1<<PG_LEVEL_2M)) &&
  152. !(mr[i].page_size_mask & (1<<PG_LEVEL_2M))) {
  153. unsigned long start = round_down(mr[i].start, PMD_SIZE);
  154. unsigned long end = round_up(mr[i].end, PMD_SIZE);
  155. #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
  156. if ((end >> PAGE_SHIFT) > max_low_pfn)
  157. continue;
  158. #endif
  159. if (memblock_is_region_memory(start, end - start))
  160. mr[i].page_size_mask |= 1<<PG_LEVEL_2M;
  161. }
  162. if ((page_size_mask & (1<<PG_LEVEL_1G)) &&
  163. !(mr[i].page_size_mask & (1<<PG_LEVEL_1G))) {
  164. unsigned long start = round_down(mr[i].start, PUD_SIZE);
  165. unsigned long end = round_up(mr[i].end, PUD_SIZE);
  166. if (memblock_is_region_memory(start, end - start))
  167. mr[i].page_size_mask |= 1<<PG_LEVEL_1G;
  168. }
  169. }
  170. }
  171. static int __meminit split_mem_range(struct map_range *mr, int nr_range,
  172. unsigned long start,
  173. unsigned long end)
  174. {
  175. unsigned long start_pfn, end_pfn, limit_pfn;
  176. unsigned long pfn;
  177. int i;
  178. limit_pfn = PFN_DOWN(end);
  179. /* head if not big page alignment ? */
  180. pfn = start_pfn = PFN_DOWN(start);
  181. #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
  182. /*
  183. * Don't use a large page for the first 2/4MB of memory
  184. * because there are often fixed size MTRRs in there
  185. * and overlapping MTRRs into large pages can cause
  186. * slowdowns.
  187. */
  188. if (pfn == 0)
  189. end_pfn = PFN_DOWN(PMD_SIZE);
  190. else
  191. end_pfn = round_up(pfn, PFN_DOWN(PMD_SIZE));
  192. #else /* CONFIG_X86_64 */
  193. end_pfn = round_up(pfn, PFN_DOWN(PMD_SIZE));
  194. #endif
  195. if (end_pfn > limit_pfn)
  196. end_pfn = limit_pfn;
  197. if (start_pfn < end_pfn) {
  198. nr_range = save_mr(mr, nr_range, start_pfn, end_pfn, 0);
  199. pfn = end_pfn;
  200. }
  201. /* big page (2M) range */
  202. start_pfn = round_up(pfn, PFN_DOWN(PMD_SIZE));
  203. #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
  204. end_pfn = round_down(limit_pfn, PFN_DOWN(PMD_SIZE));
  205. #else /* CONFIG_X86_64 */
  206. end_pfn = round_up(pfn, PFN_DOWN(PUD_SIZE));
  207. if (end_pfn > round_down(limit_pfn, PFN_DOWN(PMD_SIZE)))
  208. end_pfn = round_down(limit_pfn, PFN_DOWN(PMD_SIZE));
  209. #endif
  210. if (start_pfn < end_pfn) {
  211. nr_range = save_mr(mr, nr_range, start_pfn, end_pfn,
  212. page_size_mask & (1<<PG_LEVEL_2M));
  213. pfn = end_pfn;
  214. }
  215. #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
  216. /* big page (1G) range */
  217. start_pfn = round_up(pfn, PFN_DOWN(PUD_SIZE));
  218. end_pfn = round_down(limit_pfn, PFN_DOWN(PUD_SIZE));
  219. if (start_pfn < end_pfn) {
  220. nr_range = save_mr(mr, nr_range, start_pfn, end_pfn,
  221. page_size_mask &
  222. ((1<<PG_LEVEL_2M)|(1<<PG_LEVEL_1G)));
  223. pfn = end_pfn;
  224. }
  225. /* tail is not big page (1G) alignment */
  226. start_pfn = round_up(pfn, PFN_DOWN(PMD_SIZE));
  227. end_pfn = round_down(limit_pfn, PFN_DOWN(PMD_SIZE));
  228. if (start_pfn < end_pfn) {
  229. nr_range = save_mr(mr, nr_range, start_pfn, end_pfn,
  230. page_size_mask & (1<<PG_LEVEL_2M));
  231. pfn = end_pfn;
  232. }
  233. #endif
  234. /* tail is not big page (2M) alignment */
  235. start_pfn = pfn;
  236. end_pfn = limit_pfn;
  237. nr_range = save_mr(mr, nr_range, start_pfn, end_pfn, 0);
  238. /* try to merge same page size and continuous */
  239. for (i = 0; nr_range > 1 && i < nr_range - 1; i++) {
  240. unsigned long old_start;
  241. if (mr[i].end != mr[i+1].start ||
  242. mr[i].page_size_mask != mr[i+1].page_size_mask)
  243. continue;
  244. /* move it */
  245. old_start = mr[i].start;
  246. memmove(&mr[i], &mr[i+1],
  247. (nr_range - 1 - i) * sizeof(struct map_range));
  248. mr[i--].start = old_start;
  249. nr_range--;
  250. }
  251. if (!after_bootmem)
  252. adjust_range_page_size_mask(mr, nr_range);
  253. for (i = 0; i < nr_range; i++)
  254. printk(KERN_DEBUG " [mem %#010lx-%#010lx] page %s\n",
  255. mr[i].start, mr[i].end - 1,
  256. (mr[i].page_size_mask & (1<<PG_LEVEL_1G))?"1G":(
  257. (mr[i].page_size_mask & (1<<PG_LEVEL_2M))?"2M":"4k"));
  258. return nr_range;
  259. }
  260. struct range pfn_mapped[E820_X_MAX];
  261. int nr_pfn_mapped;
  262. static void add_pfn_range_mapped(unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn)
  263. {
  264. nr_pfn_mapped = add_range_with_merge(pfn_mapped, E820_X_MAX,
  265. nr_pfn_mapped, start_pfn, end_pfn);
  266. nr_pfn_mapped = clean_sort_range(pfn_mapped, E820_X_MAX);
  267. max_pfn_mapped = max(max_pfn_mapped, end_pfn);
  268. if (start_pfn < (1UL<<(32-PAGE_SHIFT)))
  269. max_low_pfn_mapped = max(max_low_pfn_mapped,
  270. min(end_pfn, 1UL<<(32-PAGE_SHIFT)));
  271. }
  272. bool pfn_range_is_mapped(unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn)
  273. {
  274. int i;
  275. for (i = 0; i < nr_pfn_mapped; i++)
  276. if ((start_pfn >= pfn_mapped[i].start) &&
  277. (end_pfn <= pfn_mapped[i].end))
  278. return true;
  279. return false;
  280. }
  281. /*
  282. * Setup the direct mapping of the physical memory at PAGE_OFFSET.
  283. * This runs before bootmem is initialized and gets pages directly from
  284. * the physical memory. To access them they are temporarily mapped.
  285. */
  286. unsigned long __init_refok init_memory_mapping(unsigned long start,
  287. unsigned long end)
  288. {
  289. struct map_range mr[NR_RANGE_MR];
  290. unsigned long ret = 0;
  291. int nr_range, i;
  292. pr_info("init_memory_mapping: [mem %#010lx-%#010lx]\n",
  293. start, end - 1);
  294. memset(mr, 0, sizeof(mr));
  295. nr_range = split_mem_range(mr, 0, start, end);
  296. for (i = 0; i < nr_range; i++)
  297. ret = kernel_physical_mapping_init(mr[i].start, mr[i].end,
  298. mr[i].page_size_mask);
  299. add_pfn_range_mapped(start >> PAGE_SHIFT, ret >> PAGE_SHIFT);
  300. return ret >> PAGE_SHIFT;
  301. }
  302. /*
  303. * would have hole in the middle or ends, and only ram parts will be mapped.
  304. */
  305. static unsigned long __init init_range_memory_mapping(
  306. unsigned long r_start,
  307. unsigned long r_end)
  308. {
  309. unsigned long start_pfn, end_pfn;
  310. unsigned long mapped_ram_size = 0;
  311. int i;
  312. for_each_mem_pfn_range(i, MAX_NUMNODES, &start_pfn, &end_pfn, NULL) {
  313. u64 start = clamp_val(PFN_PHYS(start_pfn), r_start, r_end);
  314. u64 end = clamp_val(PFN_PHYS(end_pfn), r_start, r_end);
  315. if (start >= end)
  316. continue;
  317. /*
  318. * if it is overlapping with brk pgt, we need to
  319. * alloc pgt buf from memblock instead.
  320. */
  321. can_use_brk_pgt = max(start, (u64)pgt_buf_end<<PAGE_SHIFT) >=
  322. min(end, (u64)pgt_buf_top<<PAGE_SHIFT);
  323. init_memory_mapping(start, end);
  324. mapped_ram_size += end - start;
  325. can_use_brk_pgt = true;
  326. }
  327. return mapped_ram_size;
  328. }
  329. /* (PUD_SHIFT-PMD_SHIFT)/2 */
  330. #define STEP_SIZE_SHIFT 5
  331. void __init init_mem_mapping(void)
  332. {
  333. unsigned long end, real_end, start, last_start;
  334. unsigned long step_size;
  335. unsigned long addr;
  336. unsigned long mapped_ram_size = 0;
  337. unsigned long new_mapped_ram_size;
  338. probe_page_size_mask();
  339. #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
  340. end = max_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
  341. #else
  342. end = max_low_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
  343. #endif
  344. /* the ISA range is always mapped regardless of memory holes */
  345. init_memory_mapping(0, ISA_END_ADDRESS);
  346. /* xen has big range in reserved near end of ram, skip it at first */
  347. addr = memblock_find_in_range(ISA_END_ADDRESS, end, PMD_SIZE,
  348. PAGE_SIZE);
  349. real_end = addr + PMD_SIZE;
  350. /* step_size need to be small so pgt_buf from BRK could cover it */
  351. step_size = PMD_SIZE;
  352. max_pfn_mapped = 0; /* will get exact value next */
  353. min_pfn_mapped = real_end >> PAGE_SHIFT;
  354. last_start = start = real_end;
  355. while (last_start > ISA_END_ADDRESS) {
  356. if (last_start > step_size) {
  357. start = round_down(last_start - 1, step_size);
  358. if (start < ISA_END_ADDRESS)
  359. start = ISA_END_ADDRESS;
  360. } else
  361. start = ISA_END_ADDRESS;
  362. new_mapped_ram_size = init_range_memory_mapping(start,
  363. last_start);
  364. last_start = start;
  365. min_pfn_mapped = last_start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
  366. /* only increase step_size after big range get mapped */
  367. if (new_mapped_ram_size > mapped_ram_size)
  368. step_size <<= STEP_SIZE_SHIFT;
  369. mapped_ram_size += new_mapped_ram_size;
  370. }
  371. if (real_end < end)
  372. init_range_memory_mapping(real_end, end);
  373. #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
  374. if (max_pfn > max_low_pfn) {
  375. /* can we preseve max_low_pfn ?*/
  376. max_low_pfn = max_pfn;
  377. }
  378. #else
  379. early_ioremap_page_table_range_init();
  380. #endif
  381. load_cr3(swapper_pg_dir);
  382. __flush_tlb_all();
  383. early_memtest(0, max_pfn_mapped << PAGE_SHIFT);
  384. }
  385. /*
  386. * devmem_is_allowed() checks to see if /dev/mem access to a certain address
  387. * is valid. The argument is a physical page number.
  388. *
  389. *
  390. * On x86, access has to be given to the first megabyte of ram because that area
  391. * contains bios code and data regions used by X and dosemu and similar apps.
  392. * Access has to be given to non-kernel-ram areas as well, these contain the PCI
  393. * mmio resources as well as potential bios/acpi data regions.
  394. */
  395. int devmem_is_allowed(unsigned long pagenr)
  396. {
  397. if (pagenr < 256)
  398. return 1;
  399. if (iomem_is_exclusive(pagenr << PAGE_SHIFT))
  400. return 0;
  401. if (!page_is_ram(pagenr))
  402. return 1;
  403. return 0;
  404. }
  405. void free_init_pages(char *what, unsigned long begin, unsigned long end)
  406. {
  407. unsigned long addr;
  408. unsigned long begin_aligned, end_aligned;
  409. /* Make sure boundaries are page aligned */
  410. begin_aligned = PAGE_ALIGN(begin);
  411. end_aligned = end & PAGE_MASK;
  412. if (WARN_ON(begin_aligned != begin || end_aligned != end)) {
  413. begin = begin_aligned;
  414. end = end_aligned;
  415. }
  416. if (begin >= end)
  417. return;
  418. addr = begin;
  419. /*
  420. * If debugging page accesses then do not free this memory but
  421. * mark them not present - any buggy init-section access will
  422. * create a kernel page fault:
  423. */
  424. #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
  425. printk(KERN_INFO "debug: unmapping init [mem %#010lx-%#010lx]\n",
  426. begin, end - 1);
  427. set_memory_np(begin, (end - begin) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
  428. #else
  429. /*
  430. * We just marked the kernel text read only above, now that
  431. * we are going to free part of that, we need to make that
  432. * writeable and non-executable first.
  433. */
  434. set_memory_nx(begin, (end - begin) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
  435. set_memory_rw(begin, (end - begin) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
  436. printk(KERN_INFO "Freeing %s: %luk freed\n", what, (end - begin) >> 10);
  437. for (; addr < end; addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
  438. ClearPageReserved(virt_to_page(addr));
  439. init_page_count(virt_to_page(addr));
  440. memset((void *)addr, POISON_FREE_INITMEM, PAGE_SIZE);
  441. free_page(addr);
  442. totalram_pages++;
  443. }
  444. #endif
  445. }
  446. void free_initmem(void)
  447. {
  448. free_init_pages("unused kernel memory",
  449. (unsigned long)(&__init_begin),
  450. (unsigned long)(&__init_end));
  451. }
  452. #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
  453. void __init free_initrd_mem(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
  454. {
  455. /*
  456. * end could be not aligned, and We can not align that,
  457. * decompresser could be confused by aligned initrd_end
  458. * We already reserve the end partial page before in
  459. * - i386_start_kernel()
  460. * - x86_64_start_kernel()
  461. * - relocate_initrd()
  462. * So here We can do PAGE_ALIGN() safely to get partial page to be freed
  463. */
  464. free_init_pages("initrd memory", start, PAGE_ALIGN(end));
  465. }
  466. #endif
  467. void __init zone_sizes_init(void)
  468. {
  469. unsigned long max_zone_pfns[MAX_NR_ZONES];
  470. memset(max_zone_pfns, 0, sizeof(max_zone_pfns));
  471. #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA
  472. max_zone_pfns[ZONE_DMA] = MAX_DMA_PFN;
  473. #endif
  474. #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32
  475. max_zone_pfns[ZONE_DMA32] = MAX_DMA32_PFN;
  476. #endif
  477. max_zone_pfns[ZONE_NORMAL] = max_low_pfn;
  478. #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
  479. max_zone_pfns[ZONE_HIGHMEM] = max_pfn;
  480. #endif
  481. free_area_init_nodes(max_zone_pfns);
  482. }