KVM: MMU: fast path of handling guest page fault

If the the present bit of page fault error code is set, it indicates
the shadow page is populated on all levels, it means what we do is
only modify the access bit which can be done out of mmu-lock

Currently, in order to simplify the code, we only fix the page fault
caused by write-protect on the fast path

Signed-off-by: Xiao Guangrong <xiaoguangrong@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>

arch/x86/kvm/mmu.c

@@ -446,8 +446,22 @@ static bool __check_direct_spte_mmio_pf(u64 spte)
 }
 #endif
 
+static bool spte_is_locklessly_modifiable(u64 spte)
+{
+	return !(~spte & (SPTE_HOST_WRITEABLE | SPTE_MMU_WRITEABLE));
+}
+
 static bool spte_has_volatile_bits(u64 spte)
 {
+	/*
+	 * Always atomicly update spte if it can be updated
+	 * out of mmu-lock, it can ensure dirty bit is not lost,
+	 * also, it can help us to get a stable is_writable_pte()
+	 * to ensure tlb flush is not missed.
+	 */
+	if (spte_is_locklessly_modifiable(spte))
+		return true;
+
 	if (!shadow_accessed_mask)
 		return false;
 
@@ -489,7 +503,7 @@ static void mmu_spte_set(u64 *sptep, u64 new_spte)
  */
 static bool mmu_spte_update(u64 *sptep, u64 new_spte)
 {
-	u64 mask, old_spte = *sptep;
+	u64 old_spte = *sptep;
 	bool ret = false;
 
 	WARN_ON(!is_rmap_spte(new_spte));
@@ -499,17 +513,16 @@ static bool mmu_spte_update(u64 *sptep, u64 new_spte)
 		return ret;
 	}
 
-	new_spte |= old_spte & shadow_dirty_mask;
-
-	mask = shadow_accessed_mask;
-	if (is_writable_pte(old_spte))
-		mask |= shadow_dirty_mask;
-
-	if (!spte_has_volatile_bits(old_spte) || (new_spte & mask) == mask)
+	if (!spte_has_volatile_bits(old_spte))
 		__update_clear_spte_fast(sptep, new_spte);
 	else
 		old_spte = __update_clear_spte_slow(sptep, new_spte);
 
+	/*
+	 * For the spte updated out of mmu-lock is safe, since
+	 * we always atomicly update it, see the comments in
+	 * spte_has_volatile_bits().
+	 */
 	if (is_writable_pte(old_spte) && !is_writable_pte(new_spte))
 		ret = true;
 
@@ -1085,11 +1098,6 @@ static void drop_large_spte(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 *sptep)
 		kvm_flush_remote_tlbs(vcpu->kvm);
 }
 
-static bool spte_is_locklessly_modifiable(u64 spte)
-{
-	return !(~spte & (SPTE_HOST_WRITEABLE | SPTE_MMU_WRITEABLE));
-}
-
 /*
  * Write-protect on the specified @sptep, @pt_protect indicates whether
  * spte writ-protection is caused by protecting shadow page table.
@@ -2677,18 +2685,114 @@ exit:
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static bool page_fault_can_be_fast(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 error_code)
+{
+	/*
+	 * #PF can be fast only if the shadow page table is present and it
+	 * is caused by write-protect, that means we just need change the
+	 * W bit of the spte which can be done out of mmu-lock.
+	 */
+	if (!(error_code & PFERR_PRESENT_MASK) ||
+	      !(error_code & PFERR_WRITE_MASK))
+		return false;
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+static bool
+fast_pf_fix_direct_spte(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 *sptep, u64 spte)
+{
+	struct kvm_mmu_page *sp = page_header(__pa(sptep));
+	gfn_t gfn;
+
+	WARN_ON(!sp->role.direct);
+
+	/*
+	 * The gfn of direct spte is stable since it is calculated
+	 * by sp->gfn.
+	 */
+	gfn = kvm_mmu_page_get_gfn(sp, sptep - sp->spt);
+
+	if (cmpxchg64(sptep, spte, spte | PT_WRITABLE_MASK) == spte)
+		mark_page_dirty(vcpu->kvm, gfn);
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return value:
+ * - true: let the vcpu to access on the same address again.
+ * - false: let the real page fault path to fix it.
+ */
+static bool fast_page_fault(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gva_t gva, int level,
+			    u32 error_code)
+{
+	struct kvm_shadow_walk_iterator iterator;
+	bool ret = false;
+	u64 spte = 0ull;
+
+	if (!page_fault_can_be_fast(vcpu, error_code))
+		return false;
+
+	walk_shadow_page_lockless_begin(vcpu);
+	for_each_shadow_entry_lockless(vcpu, gva, iterator, spte)
+		if (!is_shadow_present_pte(spte) || iterator.level < level)
+			break;
+
+	/*
+	 * If the mapping has been changed, let the vcpu fault on the
+	 * same address again.
+	 */
+	if (!is_rmap_spte(spte)) {
+		ret = true;
+		goto exit;
+	}
+
+	if (!is_last_spte(spte, level))
+		goto exit;
+
+	/*
+	 * Check if it is a spurious fault caused by TLB lazily flushed.
+	 *
+	 * Need not check the access of upper level table entries since
+	 * they are always ACC_ALL.
+	 */
+	 if (is_writable_pte(spte)) {
+		ret = true;
+		goto exit;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Currently, to simplify the code, only the spte write-protected
+	 * by dirty-log can be fast fixed.
+	 */
+	if (!spte_is_locklessly_modifiable(spte))
+		goto exit;
+
+	/*
+	 * Currently, fast page fault only works for direct mapping since
+	 * the gfn is not stable for indirect shadow page.
+	 * See Documentation/virtual/kvm/locking.txt to get more detail.
+	 */
+	ret = fast_pf_fix_direct_spte(vcpu, iterator.sptep, spte);
+exit:
+	walk_shadow_page_lockless_end(vcpu);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
 static bool try_async_pf(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, bool prefault, gfn_t gfn,
 			 gva_t gva, pfn_t *pfn, bool write, bool *writable);
 
-static int nonpaging_map(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gva_t v, int write, gfn_t gfn,
-			 bool prefault)
+static int nonpaging_map(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gva_t v, u32 error_code,
+			 gfn_t gfn, bool prefault)
 {
 	int r;
 	int level;
 	int force_pt_level;
 	pfn_t pfn;
 	unsigned long mmu_seq;
-	bool map_writable;
+	bool map_writable, write = error_code & PFERR_WRITE_MASK;
 
 	force_pt_level = mapping_level_dirty_bitmap(vcpu, gfn);
 	if (likely(!force_pt_level)) {
@@ -2705,6 +2809,9 @@ static int nonpaging_map(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gva_t v, int write, gfn_t gfn,
 	} else
 		level = PT_PAGE_TABLE_LEVEL;
 
+	if (fast_page_fault(vcpu, v, level, error_code))
+		return 0;
+
 	mmu_seq = vcpu->kvm->mmu_notifier_seq;
 	smp_rmb();
 
@@ -3093,7 +3200,7 @@ static int nonpaging_page_fault(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gva_t gva,
 	gfn = gva >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 
 	return nonpaging_map(vcpu, gva & PAGE_MASK,
-			     error_code & PFERR_WRITE_MASK, gfn, prefault);
+			     error_code, gfn, prefault);
 }
 
 static int kvm_arch_setup_async_pf(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gva_t gva, gfn_t gfn)
@@ -3173,6 +3280,9 @@ static int tdp_page_fault(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gva_t gpa, u32 error_code,
 	} else
 		level = PT_PAGE_TABLE_LEVEL;
 
+	if (fast_page_fault(vcpu, gpa, level, error_code))
+		return 0;
+
 	mmu_seq = vcpu->kvm->mmu_notifier_seq;
 	smp_rmb();