freezer: make freezing() test freeze conditions in effect instead of TIF_FREEZE

Using TIF_FREEZE for freezing worked when there was only single
freezing condition (the PM one); however, now there is also the
cgroup_freezer and single bit flag is getting clumsy.
thaw_processes() is already testing whether cgroup freezing in in
effect to avoid thawing tasks which were frozen by both PM and cgroup
freezers.

This is racy (nothing prevents race against cgroup freezing) and
fragile.  A much simpler way is to test actual freeze conditions from
freezing() - ie. directly test whether PM or cgroup freezing is in
effect.

This patch adds variables to indicate whether and what type of
freezing conditions are in effect and reimplements freezing() such
that it directly tests whether any of the two freezing conditions is
active and the task should freeze.  On fast path, freezing() is still
very cheap - it only tests system_freezing_cnt.

This makes the clumsy dancing aroung TIF_FREEZE unnecessary and
freeze/thaw operations more usual - updating state variables for the
new state and nudging target tasks so that they notice the new state
and comply.  As long as the nudging happens after state update, it's
race-free.

* This allows use of freezing() in freeze_task().  Replace the open
  coded tests with freezing().

* p != current test is added to warning printing conditions in
  try_to_freeze_tasks() failure path.  This is necessary as freezing()
  is now true for the task which initiated freezing too.

-v2: Oleg pointed out that re-freezing FROZEN cgroup could increment
     system_freezing_cnt.  Fixed.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Paul Menage <paul@paulmenage.org>  (for the cgroup portions)

include/linux/freezer.h

@@ -5,8 +5,13 @@
 
 #include <linux/sched.h>
 #include <linux/wait.h>
+#include <linux/atomic.h>
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_FREEZER
+extern atomic_t system_freezing_cnt;	/* nr of freezing conds in effect */
+extern bool pm_freezing;		/* PM freezing in effect */
+extern bool pm_nosig_freezing;		/* PM nosig freezing in effect */
+
 /*
  * Check if a process has been frozen
  */
@@ -15,28 +20,16 @@ static inline int frozen(struct task_struct *p)
 	return p->flags & PF_FROZEN;
 }
 
-/*
- * Check if there is a request to freeze a process
- */
-static inline int freezing(struct task_struct *p)
-{
-	return test_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_FREEZE);
-}
+extern bool freezing_slow_path(struct task_struct *p);
 
 /*
- * Request that a process be frozen
- */
-static inline void set_freeze_flag(struct task_struct *p)
-{
-	set_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_FREEZE);
-}
-
-/*
- * Sometimes we may need to cancel the previous 'freeze' request
+ * Check if there is a request to freeze a process
  */
-static inline void clear_freeze_flag(struct task_struct *p)
+static inline bool freezing(struct task_struct *p)
 {
-	clear_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_FREEZE);
+	if (likely(!atomic_read(&system_freezing_cnt)))
+		return false;
+	return freezing_slow_path(p);
 }
 
 static inline bool should_send_signal(struct task_struct *p)
@@ -174,9 +167,7 @@ static inline void set_freezable_with_signal(void)
 })
 #else /* !CONFIG_FREEZER */
 static inline int frozen(struct task_struct *p) { return 0; }
-static inline int freezing(struct task_struct *p) { return 0; }
-static inline void set_freeze_flag(struct task_struct *p) {}
-static inline void clear_freeze_flag(struct task_struct *p) {}
+static inline bool freezing(struct task_struct *p) { return false; }
 
 static inline bool __refrigerator(bool check_kthr_stop) { return false; }
 static inline int freeze_processes(void) { return -ENOSYS; }

kernel/cgroup_freezer.c

@@ -145,7 +145,11 @@ static struct cgroup_subsys_state *freezer_create(struct cgroup_subsys *ss,
 static void freezer_destroy(struct cgroup_subsys *ss,
 			    struct cgroup *cgroup)
 {
-	kfree(cgroup_freezer(cgroup));
+	struct freezer *freezer = cgroup_freezer(cgroup);
+
+	if (freezer->state != CGROUP_THAWED)
+		atomic_dec(&system_freezing_cnt);
+	kfree(freezer);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -307,10 +311,14 @@ static int freezer_change_state(struct cgroup *cgroup,
 
 	switch (goal_state) {
 	case CGROUP_THAWED:
+		if (freezer->state != CGROUP_THAWED)
+			atomic_dec(&system_freezing_cnt);
 		freezer->state = CGROUP_THAWED;
 		unfreeze_cgroup(cgroup, freezer);
 		break;
 	case CGROUP_FROZEN:
+		if (freezer->state == CGROUP_THAWED)
+			atomic_inc(&system_freezing_cnt);
 		freezer->state = CGROUP_FREEZING;
 		retval = try_to_freeze_cgroup(cgroup, freezer);
 		break;

kernel/fork.c

@@ -997,7 +997,6 @@ static void copy_flags(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct *p)
 	new_flags |= PF_FORKNOEXEC;
 	new_flags |= PF_STARTING;
 	p->flags = new_flags;
-	clear_freeze_flag(p);
 }
 
 SYSCALL_DEFINE1(set_tid_address, int __user *, tidptr)

kernel/freezer.c

@@ -11,9 +11,41 @@
 #include <linux/freezer.h>
 #include <linux/kthread.h>
 
+/* total number of freezing conditions in effect */
+atomic_t system_freezing_cnt = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(system_freezing_cnt);
+
+/* indicate whether PM freezing is in effect, protected by pm_mutex */
+bool pm_freezing;
+bool pm_nosig_freezing;
+
 /* protects freezing and frozen transitions */
 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(freezer_lock);
 
+/**
+ * freezing_slow_path - slow path for testing whether a task needs to be frozen
+ * @p: task to be tested
+ *
+ * This function is called by freezing() if system_freezing_cnt isn't zero
+ * and tests whether @p needs to enter and stay in frozen state.  Can be
+ * called under any context.  The freezers are responsible for ensuring the
+ * target tasks see the updated state.
+ */
+bool freezing_slow_path(struct task_struct *p)
+{
+	if (p->flags & PF_NOFREEZE)
+		return false;
+
+	if (pm_nosig_freezing || cgroup_freezing(p))
+		return true;
+
+	if (pm_freezing && !(p->flags & PF_FREEZER_NOSIG))
+		return true;
+
+	return false;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(freezing_slow_path);
+
 /* Refrigerator is place where frozen processes are stored :-). */
 bool __refrigerator(bool check_kthr_stop)
 {
@@ -23,17 +55,11 @@ bool __refrigerator(bool check_kthr_stop)
 	long save;
 
 	/*
-	 * Enter FROZEN.  If NOFREEZE, schedule immediate thawing by
-	 * clearing freezing.
+	 * No point in checking freezing() again - the caller already did.
+	 * Proceed to enter FROZEN.
 	 */
 	spin_lock_irq(&freezer_lock);
 repeat:
-	if (!freezing(current)) {
-		spin_unlock_irq(&freezer_lock);
-		return was_frozen;
-	}
-	if (current->flags & PF_NOFREEZE)
-		clear_freeze_flag(current);
 	current->flags |= PF_FROZEN;
 	spin_unlock_irq(&freezer_lock);
 
@@ -99,18 +125,12 @@ static void fake_signal_wake_up(struct task_struct *p)
 bool freeze_task(struct task_struct *p, bool sig_only)
 {
 	unsigned long flags;
-	bool ret = false;
 
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&freezer_lock, flags);
-
-	if ((p->flags & PF_NOFREEZE) ||
-	    (sig_only && !should_send_signal(p)))
-		goto out_unlock;
-
-	if (frozen(p))
-		goto out_unlock;
-
-	set_freeze_flag(p);
+	if (!freezing(p) || frozen(p)) {
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&freezer_lock, flags);
+		return false;
+	}
 
 	if (should_send_signal(p)) {
 		fake_signal_wake_up(p);
@@ -123,10 +143,9 @@ bool freeze_task(struct task_struct *p, bool sig_only)
 	} else {
 		wake_up_state(p, TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
 	}
-	ret = true;
-out_unlock:
+
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&freezer_lock, flags);
-	return ret;
+	return true;
 }
 
 void __thaw_task(struct task_struct *p)
@@ -143,7 +162,6 @@ void __thaw_task(struct task_struct *p)
 	 * avoid leaving dangling TIF_SIGPENDING behind.
 	 */
 	spin_lock_irqsave(&freezer_lock, flags);
-	clear_freeze_flag(p);
 	if (frozen(p)) {
 		wake_up_process(p);
 	} else {

kernel/power/process.c

@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ static int try_to_freeze_tasks(bool sig_only)
 		read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
 		do_each_thread(g, p) {
 			if (!wakeup && !freezer_should_skip(p) &&
-			    freezing(p) && !frozen(p))
+			    p != current && freezing(p) && !frozen(p))
 				sched_show_task(p);
 		} while_each_thread(g, p);
 		read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
@@ -122,7 +122,11 @@ int freeze_processes(void)
 {
 	int error;
 
+	if (!pm_freezing)
+		atomic_inc(&system_freezing_cnt);
+
 	printk("Freezing user space processes ... ");
+	pm_freezing = true;
 	error = try_to_freeze_tasks(true);
 	if (!error) {
 		printk("done.");
@@ -146,6 +150,7 @@ int freeze_kernel_threads(void)
 	int error;
 
 	printk("Freezing remaining freezable tasks ... ");
+	pm_nosig_freezing = true;
 	error = try_to_freeze_tasks(false);
 	if (!error)
 		printk("done.");
@@ -162,6 +167,11 @@ void thaw_processes(void)
 {
 	struct task_struct *g, *p;
 
+	if (pm_freezing)
+		atomic_dec(&system_freezing_cnt);
+	pm_freezing = false;
+	pm_nosig_freezing = false;
+
 	oom_killer_enable();
 
 	printk("Restarting tasks ... ");
@@ -170,9 +180,6 @@ void thaw_processes(void)
 
 	read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
 	do_each_thread(g, p) {
-		if (cgroup_freezing(p))
-			continue;
-
 		__thaw_task(p);
 	} while_each_thread(g, p);
 	read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);