[XFS] Apply transaction delta counts atomically to incore counters

With the per-cpu superblock counters, batch updates are no longer atomic
across the entire batch of changes. This is not an issue if each
individual change in the batch is applied atomically. Unfortunately, free
block count changes are not applied atomically, and they are applied in a
manner guaranteed to cause problems.

Essentially, the free block count reservation that the transaction took
initially is returned to the in core counters before a second delta takes
away what is used. because these two operations are not atomic, we can
race with another thread that can use the returned transaction reservation
before the transaction takes the space away again and we can then get
ENOSPC being reported in a spot where we don't have an ENOSPC condition,
nor should we ever see one there.

Fix it up by rolling the two deltas into the one so it can be applied
safely (i.e. atomically) to the incore counters.

SGI-PV: 964465
SGI-Modid: xfs-linux-melb:xfs-kern:28796a

Signed-off-by: David Chinner <dgc@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Tim Shimmin <tes@sgi.com>

fs/xfs/xfs_trans.c

@@ -638,11 +638,23 @@ xfs_trans_apply_sb_deltas(
 }
 
 /*
- * xfs_trans_unreserve_and_mod_sb() is called to release unused
- * reservations and apply superblock counter changes to the in-core
- * superblock.
+ * xfs_trans_unreserve_and_mod_sb() is called to release unused reservations
+ * and apply superblock counter changes to the in-core superblock.  The
+ * t_res_fdblocks_delta and t_res_frextents_delta fields are explicitly NOT
+ * applied to the in-core superblock.  The idea is that that has already been
+ * done.
  *
  * This is done efficiently with a single call to xfs_mod_incore_sb_batch().
+ * However, we have to ensure that we only modify each superblock field only
+ * once because the application of the delta values may not be atomic. That can
+ * lead to ENOSPC races occurring if we have two separate modifcations of the
+ * free space counter to put back the entire reservation and then take away
+ * what we used.
+ *
+ * If we are not logging superblock counters, then the inode allocated/free and
+ * used block counts are not updated in the on disk superblock. In this case,
+ * XFS_TRANS_SB_DIRTY will not be set when the transaction is updated but we
+ * still need to update the incore superblock with the changes.
  */
 STATIC void
 xfs_trans_unreserve_and_mod_sb(
@@ -654,42 +666,43 @@ xfs_trans_unreserve_and_mod_sb(
 	/* REFERENCED */
 	int		error;
 	int		rsvd;
+	int64_t		blkdelta = 0;
+	int64_t		rtxdelta = 0;
 
 	msbp = msb;
 	rsvd = (tp->t_flags & XFS_TRANS_RESERVE) != 0;
 
-	/*
-	 * Release any reserved blocks.  Any that were allocated
-	 * will be taken back again by fdblocks_delta below.
-	 */
-	if (tp->t_blk_res > 0) {
+	/* calculate free blocks delta */
+	if (tp->t_blk_res > 0)
+		blkdelta = tp->t_blk_res;
+
+	if ((tp->t_fdblocks_delta != 0) &&
+	    (xfs_sb_version_haslazysbcount(&mp->m_sb) ||
+	     (tp->t_flags & XFS_TRANS_SB_DIRTY)))
+	        blkdelta += tp->t_fdblocks_delta;
+
+	if (blkdelta != 0) {
 		msbp->msb_field = XFS_SBS_FDBLOCKS;
-		msbp->msb_delta = tp->t_blk_res;
+		msbp->msb_delta = blkdelta;
 		msbp++;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * Release any reserved real time extents .  Any that were
-	 * allocated will be taken back again by frextents_delta below.
-	 */
-	if (tp->t_rtx_res > 0) {
+	/* calculate free realtime extents delta */
+	if (tp->t_rtx_res > 0)
+		rtxdelta = tp->t_rtx_res;
+
+	if ((tp->t_frextents_delta != 0) &&
+	    (tp->t_flags & XFS_TRANS_SB_DIRTY))
+		rtxdelta += tp->t_frextents_delta;
+
+	if (rtxdelta != 0) {
 		msbp->msb_field = XFS_SBS_FREXTENTS;
-		msbp->msb_delta = tp->t_rtx_res;
+		msbp->msb_delta = rtxdelta;
 		msbp++;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * Apply any superblock modifications to the in-core version.
-	 * The t_res_fdblocks_delta and t_res_frextents_delta fields are
-	 * explicitly NOT applied to the in-core superblock.
-	 * The idea is that that has already been done.
-	 *
-	 * If we are not logging superblock counters, then the inode
-	 * allocated/free and used block counts are not updated in the
-	 * on disk superblock. In this case, XFS_TRANS_SB_DIRTY will
-	 * not be set when the transaction is updated but we still need
-	 * to update the incore superblock with the changes.
-	 */
+	/* apply remaining deltas */
+
 	if (xfs_sb_version_haslazysbcount(&mp->m_sb) ||
 	     (tp->t_flags & XFS_TRANS_SB_DIRTY)) {
 		if (tp->t_icount_delta != 0) {
@@ -702,19 +715,9 @@ xfs_trans_unreserve_and_mod_sb(
 			msbp->msb_delta = tp->t_ifree_delta;
 			msbp++;
 		}
-		if (tp->t_fdblocks_delta != 0) {
-			msbp->msb_field = XFS_SBS_FDBLOCKS;
-			msbp->msb_delta = tp->t_fdblocks_delta;
-			msbp++;
-		}
 	}
 
 	if (tp->t_flags & XFS_TRANS_SB_DIRTY) {
-		if (tp->t_frextents_delta != 0) {
-			msbp->msb_field = XFS_SBS_FREXTENTS;
-			msbp->msb_delta = tp->t_frextents_delta;
-			msbp++;
-		}
 		if (tp->t_dblocks_delta != 0) {
 			msbp->msb_field = XFS_SBS_DBLOCKS;
 			msbp->msb_delta = tp->t_dblocks_delta;