ceph: MDS client

The MDS (metadata server) client is responsible for submitting
requests to the MDS cluster and parsing the response.  We decide which
MDS to submit each request to based on cached information about the
current partition of the directory hierarchy across the cluster.  A
stateful session is opened with each MDS before we submit requests to
it, and a mutex is used to control the ordering of messages within
each session.

An MDS request may generate two responses.  The first indicates the
operation was a success and returns any result.  A second reply is
sent when the operation commits to disk.  Note that locking on the MDS
ensures that the results of updates are visible only to the updating
client before the operation commits.  Requests are linked to the
containing directory so that an fsync will wait for them to commit.

If an MDS fails and/or recovers, we resubmit requests as needed.  We
also reconnect existing capabilities to a recovering MDS to
reestablish that shared session state.  Old dentry leases are
invalidated.

Signed-off-by: Sage Weil <sage@newdream.net>

fs/ceph/mds_client.c

@@ -0,0 +1,2912 @@
+#include "ceph_debug.h"
+
+#include <linux/wait.h>
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+
+#include "mds_client.h"
+#include "mon_client.h"
+#include "super.h"
+#include "messenger.h"
+#include "decode.h"
+
+/*
+ * A cluster of MDS (metadata server) daemons is responsible for
+ * managing the file system namespace (the directory hierarchy and
+ * inodes) and for coordinating shared access to storage.  Metadata is
+ * partitioning hierarchically across a number of servers, and that
+ * partition varies over time as the cluster adjusts the distribution
+ * in order to balance load.
+ *
+ * The MDS client is primarily responsible to managing synchronous
+ * metadata requests for operations like open, unlink, and so forth.
+ * If there is a MDS failure, we find out about it when we (possibly
+ * request and) receive a new MDS map, and can resubmit affected
+ * requests.
+ *
+ * For the most part, though, we take advantage of a lossless
+ * communications channel to the MDS, and do not need to worry about
+ * timing out or resubmitting requests.
+ *
+ * We maintain a stateful "session" with each MDS we interact with.
+ * Within each session, we sent periodic heartbeat messages to ensure
+ * any capabilities or leases we have been issues remain valid.  If
+ * the session times out and goes stale, our leases and capabilities
+ * are no longer valid.
+ */
+
+static void __wake_requests(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+			    struct list_head *head);
+
+const static struct ceph_connection_operations mds_con_ops;
+
+
+/*
+ * mds reply parsing
+ */
+
+/*
+ * parse individual inode info
+ */
+static int parse_reply_info_in(void **p, void *end,
+			       struct ceph_mds_reply_info_in *info)
+{
+	int err = -EIO;
+
+	info->in = *p;
+	*p += sizeof(struct ceph_mds_reply_inode) +
+		sizeof(*info->in->fragtree.splits) *
+		le32_to_cpu(info->in->fragtree.nsplits);
+
+	ceph_decode_32_safe(p, end, info->symlink_len, bad);
+	ceph_decode_need(p, end, info->symlink_len, bad);
+	info->symlink = *p;
+	*p += info->symlink_len;
+
+	ceph_decode_32_safe(p, end, info->xattr_len, bad);
+	ceph_decode_need(p, end, info->xattr_len, bad);
+	info->xattr_data = *p;
+	*p += info->xattr_len;
+	return 0;
+bad:
+	return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * parse a normal reply, which may contain a (dir+)dentry and/or a
+ * target inode.
+ */
+static int parse_reply_info_trace(void **p, void *end,
+				  struct ceph_mds_reply_info_parsed *info)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	if (info->head->is_dentry) {
+		err = parse_reply_info_in(p, end, &info->diri);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto out_bad;
+
+		if (unlikely(*p + sizeof(*info->dirfrag) > end))
+			goto bad;
+		info->dirfrag = *p;
+		*p += sizeof(*info->dirfrag) +
+			sizeof(u32)*le32_to_cpu(info->dirfrag->ndist);
+		if (unlikely(*p > end))
+			goto bad;
+
+		ceph_decode_32_safe(p, end, info->dname_len, bad);
+		ceph_decode_need(p, end, info->dname_len, bad);
+		info->dname = *p;
+		*p += info->dname_len;
+		info->dlease = *p;
+		*p += sizeof(*info->dlease);
+	}
+
+	if (info->head->is_target) {
+		err = parse_reply_info_in(p, end, &info->targeti);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto out_bad;
+	}
+
+	if (unlikely(*p != end))
+		goto bad;
+	return 0;
+
+bad:
+	err = -EIO;
+out_bad:
+	pr_err("problem parsing mds trace %d\n", err);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * parse readdir results
+ */
+static int parse_reply_info_dir(void **p, void *end,
+				struct ceph_mds_reply_info_parsed *info)
+{
+	u32 num, i = 0;
+	int err;
+
+	info->dir_dir = *p;
+	if (*p + sizeof(*info->dir_dir) > end)
+		goto bad;
+	*p += sizeof(*info->dir_dir) +
+		sizeof(u32)*le32_to_cpu(info->dir_dir->ndist);
+	if (*p > end)
+		goto bad;
+
+	ceph_decode_need(p, end, sizeof(num) + 2, bad);
+	ceph_decode_32(p, num);
+	ceph_decode_8(p, info->dir_end);
+	ceph_decode_8(p, info->dir_complete);
+	if (num == 0)
+		goto done;
+
+	/* alloc large array */
+	info->dir_nr = num;
+	info->dir_in = kcalloc(num, sizeof(*info->dir_in) +
+			       sizeof(*info->dir_dname) +
+			       sizeof(*info->dir_dname_len) +
+			       sizeof(*info->dir_dlease),
+			       GFP_NOFS);
+	if (info->dir_in == NULL) {
+		err = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out_bad;
+	}
+	info->dir_dname = (void *)(info->dir_in + num);
+	info->dir_dname_len = (void *)(info->dir_dname + num);
+	info->dir_dlease = (void *)(info->dir_dname_len + num);
+
+	while (num) {
+		/* dentry */
+		ceph_decode_need(p, end, sizeof(u32)*2, bad);
+		ceph_decode_32(p, info->dir_dname_len[i]);
+		ceph_decode_need(p, end, info->dir_dname_len[i], bad);
+		info->dir_dname[i] = *p;
+		*p += info->dir_dname_len[i];
+		dout("parsed dir dname '%.*s'\n", info->dir_dname_len[i],
+		     info->dir_dname[i]);
+		info->dir_dlease[i] = *p;
+		*p += sizeof(struct ceph_mds_reply_lease);
+
+		/* inode */
+		err = parse_reply_info_in(p, end, &info->dir_in[i]);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto out_bad;
+		i++;
+		num--;
+	}
+
+done:
+	if (*p != end)
+		goto bad;
+	return 0;
+
+bad:
+	err = -EIO;
+out_bad:
+	pr_err("problem parsing dir contents %d\n", err);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * parse entire mds reply
+ */
+static int parse_reply_info(struct ceph_msg *msg,
+			    struct ceph_mds_reply_info_parsed *info)
+{
+	void *p, *end;
+	u32 len;
+	int err;
+
+	info->head = msg->front.iov_base;
+	p = msg->front.iov_base + sizeof(struct ceph_mds_reply_head);
+	end = p + msg->front.iov_len - sizeof(struct ceph_mds_reply_head);
+
+	/* trace */
+	ceph_decode_32_safe(&p, end, len, bad);
+	if (len > 0) {
+		err = parse_reply_info_trace(&p, p+len, info);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto out_bad;
+	}
+
+	/* dir content */
+	ceph_decode_32_safe(&p, end, len, bad);
+	if (len > 0) {
+		err = parse_reply_info_dir(&p, p+len, info);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto out_bad;
+	}
+
+	/* snap blob */
+	ceph_decode_32_safe(&p, end, len, bad);
+	info->snapblob_len = len;
+	info->snapblob = p;
+	p += len;
+
+	if (p != end)
+		goto bad;
+	return 0;
+
+bad:
+	err = -EIO;
+out_bad:
+	pr_err("mds parse_reply err %d\n", err);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void destroy_reply_info(struct ceph_mds_reply_info_parsed *info)
+{
+	kfree(info->dir_in);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * sessions
+ */
+static const char *session_state_name(int s)
+{
+	switch (s) {
+	case CEPH_MDS_SESSION_NEW: return "new";
+	case CEPH_MDS_SESSION_OPENING: return "opening";
+	case CEPH_MDS_SESSION_OPEN: return "open";
+	case CEPH_MDS_SESSION_HUNG: return "hung";
+	case CEPH_MDS_SESSION_CLOSING: return "closing";
+	case CEPH_MDS_SESSION_RECONNECTING: return "reconnecting";
+	default: return "???";
+	}
+}
+
+static struct ceph_mds_session *get_session(struct ceph_mds_session *s)
+{
+	if (atomic_inc_not_zero(&s->s_ref)) {
+		dout("mdsc get_session %p %d -> %d\n", s,
+		     atomic_read(&s->s_ref)-1, atomic_read(&s->s_ref));
+		return s;
+	} else {
+		dout("mdsc get_session %p 0 -- FAIL", s);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+void ceph_put_mds_session(struct ceph_mds_session *s)
+{
+	dout("mdsc put_session %p %d -> %d\n", s,
+	     atomic_read(&s->s_ref), atomic_read(&s->s_ref)-1);
+	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&s->s_ref)) {
+		ceph_con_shutdown(&s->s_con);
+		kfree(s);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * called under mdsc->mutex
+ */
+struct ceph_mds_session *__ceph_lookup_mds_session(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+						   int mds)
+{
+	struct ceph_mds_session *session;
+
+	if (mds >= mdsc->max_sessions || mdsc->sessions[mds] == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+	session = mdsc->sessions[mds];
+	dout("lookup_mds_session %p %d\n", session,
+	     atomic_read(&session->s_ref));
+	get_session(session);
+	return session;
+}
+
+static bool __have_session(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc, int mds)
+{
+	if (mds >= mdsc->max_sessions)
+		return false;
+	return mdsc->sessions[mds];
+}
+
+/*
+ * create+register a new session for given mds.
+ * called under mdsc->mutex.
+ */
+static struct ceph_mds_session *register_session(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+						 int mds)
+{
+	struct ceph_mds_session *s;
+
+	s = kzalloc(sizeof(*s), GFP_NOFS);
+	s->s_mdsc = mdsc;
+	s->s_mds = mds;
+	s->s_state = CEPH_MDS_SESSION_NEW;
+	s->s_ttl = 0;
+	s->s_seq = 0;
+	mutex_init(&s->s_mutex);
+
+	ceph_con_init(mdsc->client->msgr, &s->s_con);
+	s->s_con.private = s;
+	s->s_con.ops = &mds_con_ops;
+	s->s_con.peer_name.type = CEPH_ENTITY_TYPE_MDS;
+	s->s_con.peer_name.num = cpu_to_le64(mds);
+	ceph_con_open(&s->s_con, ceph_mdsmap_get_addr(mdsc->mdsmap, mds));
+
+	spin_lock_init(&s->s_cap_lock);
+	s->s_cap_gen = 0;
+	s->s_cap_ttl = 0;
+	s->s_renew_requested = 0;
+	s->s_renew_seq = 0;
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&s->s_caps);
+	s->s_nr_caps = 0;
+	atomic_set(&s->s_ref, 1);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&s->s_waiting);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&s->s_unsafe);
+	s->s_num_cap_releases = 0;
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&s->s_cap_releases);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&s->s_cap_releases_done);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&s->s_cap_flushing);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&s->s_cap_snaps_flushing);
+
+	dout("register_session mds%d\n", mds);
+	if (mds >= mdsc->max_sessions) {
+		int newmax = 1 << get_count_order(mds+1);
+		struct ceph_mds_session **sa;
+
+		dout("register_session realloc to %d\n", newmax);
+		sa = kcalloc(newmax, sizeof(void *), GFP_NOFS);
+		if (sa == NULL)
+			return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+		if (mdsc->sessions) {
+			memcpy(sa, mdsc->sessions,
+			       mdsc->max_sessions * sizeof(void *));
+			kfree(mdsc->sessions);
+		}
+		mdsc->sessions = sa;
+		mdsc->max_sessions = newmax;
+	}
+	mdsc->sessions[mds] = s;
+	atomic_inc(&s->s_ref);  /* one ref to sessions[], one to caller */
+	return s;
+}
+
+/*
+ * called under mdsc->mutex
+ */
+static void unregister_session(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc, int mds)
+{
+	dout("unregister_session mds%d %p\n", mds, mdsc->sessions[mds]);
+	ceph_put_mds_session(mdsc->sessions[mds]);
+	mdsc->sessions[mds] = NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * drop session refs in request.
+ *
+ * should be last request ref, or hold mdsc->mutex
+ */
+static void put_request_session(struct ceph_mds_request *req)
+{
+	if (req->r_session) {
+		ceph_put_mds_session(req->r_session);
+		req->r_session = NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+void ceph_mdsc_put_request(struct ceph_mds_request *req)
+{
+	dout("mdsc put_request %p %d -> %d\n", req,
+	     atomic_read(&req->r_ref), atomic_read(&req->r_ref)-1);
+	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&req->r_ref)) {
+		if (req->r_request)
+			ceph_msg_put(req->r_request);
+		if (req->r_reply) {
+			ceph_msg_put(req->r_reply);
+			destroy_reply_info(&req->r_reply_info);
+		}
+		if (req->r_inode) {
+			ceph_put_cap_refs(ceph_inode(req->r_inode),
+					  CEPH_CAP_PIN);
+			iput(req->r_inode);
+		}
+		if (req->r_locked_dir)
+			ceph_put_cap_refs(ceph_inode(req->r_locked_dir),
+					  CEPH_CAP_PIN);
+		if (req->r_target_inode)
+			iput(req->r_target_inode);
+		if (req->r_dentry)
+			dput(req->r_dentry);
+		if (req->r_old_dentry) {
+			ceph_put_cap_refs(
+			     ceph_inode(req->r_old_dentry->d_parent->d_inode),
+			     CEPH_CAP_PIN);
+			dput(req->r_old_dentry);
+		}
+		kfree(req->r_path1);
+		kfree(req->r_path2);
+		put_request_session(req);
+		ceph_unreserve_caps(&req->r_caps_reservation);
+		kfree(req);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * lookup session, bump ref if found.
+ *
+ * called under mdsc->mutex.
+ */
+static struct ceph_mds_request *__lookup_request(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+					     u64 tid)
+{
+	struct ceph_mds_request *req;
+	req = radix_tree_lookup(&mdsc->request_tree, tid);
+	if (req)
+		ceph_mdsc_get_request(req);
+	return req;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Register an in-flight request, and assign a tid.  Link to directory
+ * are modifying (if any).
+ *
+ * Called under mdsc->mutex.
+ */
+static void __register_request(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+			       struct ceph_mds_request *req,
+			       struct inode *dir)
+{
+	req->r_tid = ++mdsc->last_tid;
+	if (req->r_num_caps)
+		ceph_reserve_caps(&req->r_caps_reservation, req->r_num_caps);
+	dout("__register_request %p tid %lld\n", req, req->r_tid);
+	ceph_mdsc_get_request(req);
+	radix_tree_insert(&mdsc->request_tree, req->r_tid, (void *)req);
+
+	if (dir) {
+		struct ceph_inode_info *ci = ceph_inode(dir);
+
+		spin_lock(&ci->i_unsafe_lock);
+		req->r_unsafe_dir = dir;
+		list_add_tail(&req->r_unsafe_dir_item, &ci->i_unsafe_dirops);
+		spin_unlock(&ci->i_unsafe_lock);
+	}
+}
+
+static void __unregister_request(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+				 struct ceph_mds_request *req)
+{
+	dout("__unregister_request %p tid %lld\n", req, req->r_tid);
+	radix_tree_delete(&mdsc->request_tree, req->r_tid);
+	ceph_mdsc_put_request(req);
+
+	if (req->r_unsafe_dir) {
+		struct ceph_inode_info *ci = ceph_inode(req->r_unsafe_dir);
+
+		spin_lock(&ci->i_unsafe_lock);
+		list_del_init(&req->r_unsafe_dir_item);
+		spin_unlock(&ci->i_unsafe_lock);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Choose mds to send request to next.  If there is a hint set in the
+ * request (e.g., due to a prior forward hint from the mds), use that.
+ * Otherwise, consult frag tree and/or caps to identify the
+ * appropriate mds.  If all else fails, choose randomly.
+ *
+ * Called under mdsc->mutex.
+ */
+static int __choose_mds(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+			struct ceph_mds_request *req)
+{
+	struct inode *inode;
+	struct ceph_inode_info *ci;
+	struct ceph_cap *cap;
+	int mode = req->r_direct_mode;
+	int mds = -1;
+	u32 hash = req->r_direct_hash;
+	bool is_hash = req->r_direct_is_hash;
+
+	/*
+	 * is there a specific mds we should try?  ignore hint if we have
+	 * no session and the mds is not up (active or recovering).
+	 */
+	if (req->r_resend_mds >= 0 &&
+	    (__have_session(mdsc, req->r_resend_mds) ||
+	     ceph_mdsmap_get_state(mdsc->mdsmap, req->r_resend_mds) > 0)) {
+		dout("choose_mds using resend_mds mds%d\n",
+		     req->r_resend_mds);
+		return req->r_resend_mds;
+	}
+
+	if (mode == USE_RANDOM_MDS)
+		goto random;
+
+	inode = NULL;
+	if (req->r_inode) {
+		inode = req->r_inode;
+	} else if (req->r_dentry) {
+		if (req->r_dentry->d_inode) {
+			inode = req->r_dentry->d_inode;
+		} else {
+			inode = req->r_dentry->d_parent->d_inode;
+			hash = req->r_dentry->d_name.hash;
+			is_hash = true;
+		}
+	}
+	dout("__choose_mds %p is_hash=%d (%d) mode %d\n", inode, (int)is_hash,
+	     (int)hash, mode);
+	if (!inode)
+		goto random;
+	ci = ceph_inode(inode);
+
+	if (is_hash && S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
+		struct ceph_inode_frag frag;
+		int found;
+
+		ceph_choose_frag(ci, hash, &frag, &found);
+		if (found) {
+			if (mode == USE_ANY_MDS && frag.ndist > 0) {
+				u8 r;
+
+				/* choose a random replica */
+				get_random_bytes(&r, 1);
+				r %= frag.ndist;
+				mds = frag.dist[r];
+				dout("choose_mds %p %llx.%llx "
+				     "frag %u mds%d (%d/%d)\n",
+				     inode, ceph_vinop(inode),
+				     frag.frag, frag.mds,
+				     (int)r, frag.ndist);
+				return mds;
+			}
+
+			/* since this file/dir wasn't known to be
+			 * replicated, then we want to look for the
+			 * authoritative mds. */
+			mode = USE_AUTH_MDS;
+			if (frag.mds >= 0) {
+				/* choose auth mds */
+				mds = frag.mds;
+				dout("choose_mds %p %llx.%llx "
+				     "frag %u mds%d (auth)\n",
+				     inode, ceph_vinop(inode), frag.frag, mds);
+				return mds;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
+	cap = NULL;
+	if (mode == USE_AUTH_MDS)
+		cap = ci->i_auth_cap;
+	if (!cap && !RB_EMPTY_ROOT(&ci->i_caps))
+		cap = rb_entry(rb_first(&ci->i_caps), struct ceph_cap, ci_node);
+	if (!cap) {
+		spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
+		goto random;
+	}
+	mds = cap->session->s_mds;
+	dout("choose_mds %p %llx.%llx mds%d (%scap %p)\n",
+	     inode, ceph_vinop(inode), mds,
+	     cap == ci->i_auth_cap ? "auth " : "", cap);
+	spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
+	return mds;
+
+random:
+	mds = ceph_mdsmap_get_random_mds(mdsc->mdsmap);
+	dout("choose_mds chose random mds%d\n", mds);
+	return mds;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * session messages
+ */
+static struct ceph_msg *create_session_msg(u32 op, u64 seq)
+{
+	struct ceph_msg *msg;
+	struct ceph_mds_session_head *h;
+
+	msg = ceph_msg_new(CEPH_MSG_CLIENT_SESSION, sizeof(*h), 0, 0, NULL);
+	if (IS_ERR(msg)) {
+		pr_err("create_session_msg ENOMEM creating msg\n");
+		return ERR_PTR(PTR_ERR(msg));
+	}
+	h = msg->front.iov_base;
+	h->op = cpu_to_le32(op);
+	h->seq = cpu_to_le64(seq);
+	return msg;
+}
+
+/*
+ * send session open request.
+ *
+ * called under mdsc->mutex
+ */
+static int __open_session(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+			  struct ceph_mds_session *session)
+{
+	struct ceph_msg *msg;
+	int mstate;
+	int mds = session->s_mds;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	/* wait for mds to go active? */
+	mstate = ceph_mdsmap_get_state(mdsc->mdsmap, mds);
+	dout("open_session to mds%d (%s)\n", mds,
+	     ceph_mds_state_name(mstate));
+	session->s_state = CEPH_MDS_SESSION_OPENING;
+	session->s_renew_requested = jiffies;
+
+	/* send connect message */
+	msg = create_session_msg(CEPH_SESSION_REQUEST_OPEN, session->s_seq);
+	if (IS_ERR(msg)) {
+		err = PTR_ERR(msg);
+		goto out;
+	}
+	ceph_con_send(&session->s_con, msg);
+
+out:
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * session caps
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Free preallocated cap messages assigned to this session
+ */
+static void cleanup_cap_releases(struct ceph_mds_session *session)
+{
+	struct ceph_msg *msg;
+
+	spin_lock(&session->s_cap_lock);
+	while (!list_empty(&session->s_cap_releases)) {
+		msg = list_first_entry(&session->s_cap_releases,
+				       struct ceph_msg, list_head);
+		list_del_init(&msg->list_head);
+		ceph_msg_put(msg);
+	}
+	while (!list_empty(&session->s_cap_releases_done)) {
+		msg = list_first_entry(&session->s_cap_releases_done,
+				       struct ceph_msg, list_head);
+		list_del_init(&msg->list_head);
+		ceph_msg_put(msg);
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&session->s_cap_lock);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Helper to safely iterate over all caps associated with a session.
+ *
+ * caller must hold session s_mutex
+ */
+static int iterate_session_caps(struct ceph_mds_session *session,
+				 int (*cb)(struct inode *, struct ceph_cap *,
+					    void *), void *arg)
+{
+	struct ceph_cap *cap, *ncap;
+	struct inode *inode;
+	int ret;
+
+	dout("iterate_session_caps %p mds%d\n", session, session->s_mds);
+	spin_lock(&session->s_cap_lock);
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(cap, ncap, &session->s_caps, session_caps) {
+		inode = igrab(&cap->ci->vfs_inode);
+		if (!inode)
+			continue;
+		spin_unlock(&session->s_cap_lock);
+		ret = cb(inode, cap, arg);
+		iput(inode);
+		if (ret < 0)
+			return ret;
+		spin_lock(&session->s_cap_lock);
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&session->s_cap_lock);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int remove_session_caps_cb(struct inode *inode, struct ceph_cap *cap,
+				   void *arg)
+{
+	struct ceph_inode_info *ci = ceph_inode(inode);
+	dout("removing cap %p, ci is %p, inode is %p\n",
+	     cap, ci, &ci->vfs_inode);
+	ceph_remove_cap(cap);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * caller must hold session s_mutex
+ */
+static void remove_session_caps(struct ceph_mds_session *session)
+{
+	dout("remove_session_caps on %p\n", session);
+	iterate_session_caps(session, remove_session_caps_cb, NULL);
+	BUG_ON(session->s_nr_caps > 0);
+	cleanup_cap_releases(session);
+}
+
+/*
+ * wake up any threads waiting on this session's caps.  if the cap is
+ * old (didn't get renewed on the client reconnect), remove it now.
+ *
+ * caller must hold s_mutex.
+ */
+static int wake_up_session_cb(struct inode *inode, struct ceph_cap *cap,
+			      void *arg)
+{
+	struct ceph_mds_session *session = arg;
+
+	spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
+	if (cap->gen != session->s_cap_gen) {
+		pr_err("failed reconnect %p %llx.%llx cap %p "
+		       "(gen %d < session %d)\n", inode, ceph_vinop(inode),
+		       cap, cap->gen, session->s_cap_gen);
+		__ceph_remove_cap(cap, NULL);
+	}
+	wake_up(&ceph_inode(inode)->i_cap_wq);
+	spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void wake_up_session_caps(struct ceph_mds_session *session)
+{
+	dout("wake_up_session_caps %p mds%d\n", session, session->s_mds);
+	iterate_session_caps(session, wake_up_session_cb, session);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Send periodic message to MDS renewing all currently held caps.  The
+ * ack will reset the expiration for all caps from this session.
+ *
+ * caller holds s_mutex
+ */
+static int send_renew_caps(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+			   struct ceph_mds_session *session)
+{
+	struct ceph_msg *msg;
+	int state;
+
+	if (time_after_eq(jiffies, session->s_cap_ttl) &&
+	    time_after_eq(session->s_cap_ttl, session->s_renew_requested))
+		pr_info("mds%d caps stale\n", session->s_mds);
+
+	/* do not try to renew caps until a recovering mds has reconnected
+	 * with its clients. */
+	state = ceph_mdsmap_get_state(mdsc->mdsmap, session->s_mds);
+	if (state < CEPH_MDS_STATE_RECONNECT) {
+		dout("send_renew_caps ignoring mds%d (%s)\n",
+		     session->s_mds, ceph_mds_state_name(state));
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	dout("send_renew_caps to mds%d (%s)\n", session->s_mds,
+		ceph_mds_state_name(state));
+	session->s_renew_requested = jiffies;
+	msg = create_session_msg(CEPH_SESSION_REQUEST_RENEWCAPS,
+				 ++session->s_renew_seq);
+	if (IS_ERR(msg))
+		return PTR_ERR(msg);
+	ceph_con_send(&session->s_con, msg);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Note new cap ttl, and any transition from stale -> not stale (fresh?).
+ */
+static void renewed_caps(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+			 struct ceph_mds_session *session, int is_renew)
+{
+	int was_stale;
+	int wake = 0;
+
+	spin_lock(&session->s_cap_lock);
+	was_stale = is_renew && (session->s_cap_ttl == 0 ||
+				 time_after_eq(jiffies, session->s_cap_ttl));
+
+	session->s_cap_ttl = session->s_renew_requested +
+		mdsc->mdsmap->m_session_timeout*HZ;
+
+	if (was_stale) {
+		if (time_before(jiffies, session->s_cap_ttl)) {
+			pr_info("mds%d caps renewed\n", session->s_mds);
+			wake = 1;
+		} else {
+			pr_info("mds%d caps still stale\n", session->s_mds);
+		}
+	}
+	dout("renewed_caps mds%d ttl now %lu, was %s, now %s\n",
+	     session->s_mds, session->s_cap_ttl, was_stale ? "stale" : "fresh",
+	     time_before(jiffies, session->s_cap_ttl) ? "stale" : "fresh");
+	spin_unlock(&session->s_cap_lock);
+
+	if (wake)
+		wake_up_session_caps(session);
+}
+
+/*
+ * send a session close request
+ */
+static int request_close_session(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+				 struct ceph_mds_session *session)
+{
+	struct ceph_msg *msg;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	dout("request_close_session mds%d state %s seq %lld\n",
+	     session->s_mds, session_state_name(session->s_state),
+	     session->s_seq);
+	msg = create_session_msg(CEPH_SESSION_REQUEST_CLOSE, session->s_seq);
+	if (IS_ERR(msg))
+		err = PTR_ERR(msg);
+	else
+		ceph_con_send(&session->s_con, msg);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Called with s_mutex held.
+ */
+static int __close_session(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+			 struct ceph_mds_session *session)
+{
+	if (session->s_state >= CEPH_MDS_SESSION_CLOSING)
+		return 0;
+	session->s_state = CEPH_MDS_SESSION_CLOSING;
+	return request_close_session(mdsc, session);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Trim old(er) caps.
+ *
+ * Because we can't cache an inode without one or more caps, we do
+ * this indirectly: if a cap is unused, we prune its aliases, at which
+ * point the inode will hopefully get dropped to.
+ *
+ * Yes, this is a bit sloppy.  Our only real goal here is to respond to
+ * memory pressure from the MDS, though, so it needn't be perfect.
+ */
+static int trim_caps_cb(struct inode *inode, struct ceph_cap *cap, void *arg)
+{
+	struct ceph_mds_session *session = arg;
+	struct ceph_inode_info *ci = ceph_inode(inode);
+	int used, oissued, mine;
+
+	if (session->s_trim_caps <= 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
+	mine = cap->issued | cap->implemented;
+	used = __ceph_caps_used(ci);
+	oissued = __ceph_caps_issued_other(ci, cap);
+
+	dout("trim_caps_cb %p cap %p mine %s oissued %s used %s\n",
+	     inode, cap, ceph_cap_string(mine), ceph_cap_string(oissued),
+	     ceph_cap_string(used));
+	if (ci->i_dirty_caps)
+		goto out;   /* dirty caps */
+	if ((used & ~oissued) & mine)
+		goto out;   /* we need these caps */
+
+	session->s_trim_caps--;
+	if (oissued) {
+		/* we aren't the only cap.. just remove us */
+		__ceph_remove_cap(cap, NULL);
+	} else {
+		/* try to drop referring dentries */
+		spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
+		d_prune_aliases(inode);
+		dout("trim_caps_cb %p cap %p  pruned, count now %d\n",
+		     inode, cap, atomic_read(&inode->i_count));
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+out:
+	spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Trim session cap count down to some max number.
+ */
+static int trim_caps(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+		     struct ceph_mds_session *session,
+		     int max_caps)
+{
+	int trim_caps = session->s_nr_caps - max_caps;
+
+	dout("trim_caps mds%d start: %d / %d, trim %d\n",
+	     session->s_mds, session->s_nr_caps, max_caps, trim_caps);
+	if (trim_caps > 0) {
+		session->s_trim_caps = trim_caps;
+		iterate_session_caps(session, trim_caps_cb, session);
+		dout("trim_caps mds%d done: %d / %d, trimmed %d\n",
+		     session->s_mds, session->s_nr_caps, max_caps,
+			trim_caps - session->s_trim_caps);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Allocate cap_release messages.  If there is a partially full message
+ * in the queue, try to allocate enough to cover it's remainder, so that
+ * we can send it immediately.
+ *
+ * Called under s_mutex.
+ */
+static int add_cap_releases(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+			    struct ceph_mds_session *session,
+			    int extra)
+{
+	struct ceph_msg *msg;
+	struct ceph_mds_cap_release *head;
+	int err = -ENOMEM;
+
+	if (extra < 0)
+		extra = mdsc->client->mount_args.cap_release_safety;
+
+	spin_lock(&session->s_cap_lock);
+
+	if (!list_empty(&session->s_cap_releases)) {
+		msg = list_first_entry(&session->s_cap_releases,
+				       struct ceph_msg,
+				 list_head);
+		head = msg->front.iov_base;
+		extra += CEPH_CAPS_PER_RELEASE - le32_to_cpu(head->num);
+	}
+
+	while (session->s_num_cap_releases < session->s_nr_caps + extra) {
+		spin_unlock(&session->s_cap_lock);
+		msg = ceph_msg_new(CEPH_MSG_CLIENT_CAPRELEASE, PAGE_CACHE_SIZE,
+				   0, 0, NULL);
+		if (!msg)
+			goto out_unlocked;
+		dout("add_cap_releases %p msg %p now %d\n", session, msg,
+		     (int)msg->front.iov_len);
+		head = msg->front.iov_base;
+		head->num = cpu_to_le32(0);
+		msg->front.iov_len = sizeof(*head);
+		spin_lock(&session->s_cap_lock);
+		list_add(&msg->list_head, &session->s_cap_releases);
+		session->s_num_cap_releases += CEPH_CAPS_PER_RELEASE;
+	}
+
+	if (!list_empty(&session->s_cap_releases)) {
+		msg = list_first_entry(&session->s_cap_releases,
+				       struct ceph_msg,
+				       list_head);
+		head = msg->front.iov_base;
+		if (head->num) {
+			dout(" queueing non-full %p (%d)\n", msg,
+			     le32_to_cpu(head->num));
+			list_move_tail(&msg->list_head,
+				      &session->s_cap_releases_done);
+			session->s_num_cap_releases -=
+				CEPH_CAPS_PER_RELEASE - le32_to_cpu(head->num);
+		}
+	}
+	err = 0;
+	spin_unlock(&session->s_cap_lock);
+out_unlocked:
+	return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * flush all dirty inode data to disk.
+ *
+ * returns true if we've flushed through want_flush_seq
+ */
+static int check_cap_flush(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc, u64 want_flush_seq)
+{
+	int mds, ret = 1;
+
+	dout("check_cap_flush want %lld\n", want_flush_seq);
+	mutex_lock(&mdsc->mutex);
+	for (mds = 0; ret && mds < mdsc->max_sessions; mds++) {
+		struct ceph_mds_session *session = mdsc->sessions[mds];
+
+		if (!session)
+			continue;
+		get_session(session);
+		mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+
+		mutex_lock(&session->s_mutex);
+		if (!list_empty(&session->s_cap_flushing)) {
+			struct ceph_inode_info *ci =
+				list_entry(session->s_cap_flushing.next,
+					   struct ceph_inode_info,
+					   i_flushing_item);
+			struct inode *inode = &ci->vfs_inode;
+
+			spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
+			if (ci->i_cap_flush_seq <= want_flush_seq) {
+				dout("check_cap_flush still flushing %p "
+				     "seq %lld <= %lld to mds%d\n", inode,
+				     ci->i_cap_flush_seq, want_flush_seq,
+				     session->s_mds);
+				ret = 0;
+			}
+			spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
+		}
+		mutex_unlock(&session->s_mutex);
+		ceph_put_mds_session(session);
+
+		if (!ret)
+			return ret;
+		mutex_lock(&mdsc->mutex);
+	}
+
+	mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+	dout("check_cap_flush ok, flushed thru %lld\n", want_flush_seq);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * called under s_mutex
+ */
+static void send_cap_releases(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+		       struct ceph_mds_session *session)
+{
+	struct ceph_msg *msg;
+
+	dout("send_cap_releases mds%d\n", session->s_mds);
+	while (1) {
+		spin_lock(&session->s_cap_lock);
+		if (list_empty(&session->s_cap_releases_done))
+			break;
+		msg = list_first_entry(&session->s_cap_releases_done,
+				 struct ceph_msg, list_head);
+		list_del_init(&msg->list_head);
+		spin_unlock(&session->s_cap_lock);
+		msg->hdr.front_len = cpu_to_le32(msg->front.iov_len);
+		dout("send_cap_releases mds%d %p\n", session->s_mds, msg);
+		ceph_con_send(&session->s_con, msg);
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&session->s_cap_lock);
+}
+
+/*
+ * requests
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Create an mds request.
+ */
+struct ceph_mds_request *
+ceph_mdsc_create_request(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc, int op, int mode)
+{
+	struct ceph_mds_request *req = kzalloc(sizeof(*req), GFP_NOFS);
+
+	if (!req)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+	req->r_started = jiffies;
+	req->r_resend_mds = -1;
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&req->r_unsafe_dir_item);
+	req->r_fmode = -1;
+	atomic_set(&req->r_ref, 1);  /* one for request_tree, one for caller */
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&req->r_wait);
+	init_completion(&req->r_completion);
+	init_completion(&req->r_safe_completion);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&req->r_unsafe_item);
+
+	req->r_op = op;
+	req->r_direct_mode = mode;
+	return req;
+}
+
+/*
+ * return oldest (lowest) tid in request tree, 0 if none.
+ *
+ * called under mdsc->mutex.
+ */
+static u64 __get_oldest_tid(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc)
+{
+	struct ceph_mds_request *first;
+	if (radix_tree_gang_lookup(&mdsc->request_tree,
+				   (void **)&first, 0, 1) <= 0)
+		return 0;
+	return first->r_tid;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Build a dentry's path.  Allocate on heap; caller must kfree.  Based
+ * on build_path_from_dentry in fs/cifs/dir.c.
+ *
+ * If @stop_on_nosnap, generate path relative to the first non-snapped
+ * inode.
+ *
+ * Encode hidden .snap dirs as a double /, i.e.
+ *   foo/.snap/bar -> foo//bar
+ */
+char *ceph_mdsc_build_path(struct dentry *dentry, int *plen, u64 *base,
+			   int stop_on_nosnap)
+{
+	struct dentry *temp;
+	char *path;
+	int len, pos;
+
+	if (dentry == NULL)
+		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+
+retry:
+	len = 0;
+	for (temp = dentry; !IS_ROOT(temp);) {
+		struct inode *inode = temp->d_inode;
+		if (inode && ceph_snap(inode) == CEPH_SNAPDIR)
+			len++;  /* slash only */
+		else if (stop_on_nosnap && inode &&
+			 ceph_snap(inode) == CEPH_NOSNAP)
+			break;
+		else
+			len += 1 + temp->d_name.len;
+		temp = temp->d_parent;
+		if (temp == NULL) {
+			pr_err("build_path_dentry corrupt dentry %p\n", dentry);
+			return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+		}
+	}
+	if (len)
+		len--;  /* no leading '/' */
+
+	path = kmalloc(len+1, GFP_NOFS);
+	if (path == NULL)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+	pos = len;
+	path[pos] = 0;	/* trailing null */
+	for (temp = dentry; !IS_ROOT(temp) && pos != 0; ) {
+		struct inode *inode = temp->d_inode;
+
+		if (inode && ceph_snap(inode) == CEPH_SNAPDIR) {
+			dout("build_path_dentry path+%d: %p SNAPDIR\n",
+			     pos, temp);
+		} else if (stop_on_nosnap && inode &&
+			   ceph_snap(inode) == CEPH_NOSNAP) {
+			break;
+		} else {
+			pos -= temp->d_name.len;
+			if (pos < 0)
+				break;
+			strncpy(path + pos, temp->d_name.name,
+				temp->d_name.len);
+			dout("build_path_dentry path+%d: %p '%.*s'\n",
+			     pos, temp, temp->d_name.len, path + pos);
+		}
+		if (pos)
+			path[--pos] = '/';
+		temp = temp->d_parent;
+		if (temp == NULL) {
+			pr_err("build_path_dentry corrupt dentry\n");
+			kfree(path);
+			return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+		}
+	}
+	if (pos != 0) {
+		pr_err("build_path_dentry did not end path lookup where "
+		       "expected, namelen is %d, pos is %d\n", len, pos);
+		/* presumably this is only possible if racing with a
+		   rename of one of the parent directories (we can not
+		   lock the dentries above us to prevent this, but
+		   retrying should be harmless) */
+		kfree(path);
+		goto retry;
+	}
+
+	*base = ceph_ino(temp->d_inode);
+	*plen = len;
+	dout("build_path_dentry on %p %d built %llx '%.*s'\n",
+	     dentry, atomic_read(&dentry->d_count), *base, len, path);
+	return path;
+}
+
+static int build_dentry_path(struct dentry *dentry,
+			     const char **ppath, int *ppathlen, u64 *pino,
+			     int *pfreepath)
+{
+	char *path;
+
+	if (ceph_snap(dentry->d_parent->d_inode) == CEPH_NOSNAP) {
+		*pino = ceph_ino(dentry->d_parent->d_inode);
+		*ppath = dentry->d_name.name;
+		*ppathlen = dentry->d_name.len;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	path = ceph_mdsc_build_path(dentry, ppathlen, pino, 1);
+	if (IS_ERR(path))
+		return PTR_ERR(path);
+	*ppath = path;
+	*pfreepath = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int build_inode_path(struct inode *inode,
+			    const char **ppath, int *ppathlen, u64 *pino,
+			    int *pfreepath)
+{
+	struct dentry *dentry;
+	char *path;
+
+	if (ceph_snap(inode) == CEPH_NOSNAP) {
+		*pino = ceph_ino(inode);
+		*ppathlen = 0;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	dentry = d_find_alias(inode);
+	path = ceph_mdsc_build_path(dentry, ppathlen, pino, 1);
+	dput(dentry);
+	if (IS_ERR(path))
+		return PTR_ERR(path);
+	*ppath = path;
+	*pfreepath = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * request arguments may be specified via an inode *, a dentry *, or
+ * an explicit ino+path.
+ */
+static int set_request_path_attr(struct inode *rinode, struct dentry *rdentry,
+				  const char *rpath, u64 rino,
+				  const char **ppath, int *pathlen,
+				  u64 *ino, int *freepath)
+{
+	int r = 0;
+
+	if (rinode) {
+		r = build_inode_path(rinode, ppath, pathlen, ino, freepath);
+		dout(" inode %p %llx.%llx\n", rinode, ceph_ino(rinode),
+		     ceph_snap(rinode));
+	} else if (rdentry) {
+		r = build_dentry_path(rdentry, ppath, pathlen, ino, freepath);
+		dout(" dentry %p %llx/%.*s\n", rdentry, *ino, *pathlen,
+		     *ppath);
+	} else if (rpath) {
+		*ino = rino;
+		*ppath = rpath;
+		*pathlen = strlen(rpath);
+		dout(" path %.*s\n", *pathlen, rpath);
+	}
+
+	return r;
+}
+
+/*
+ * called under mdsc->mutex
+ */
+static struct ceph_msg *create_request_message(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+					       struct ceph_mds_request *req,
+					       int mds)
+{
+	struct ceph_msg *msg;
+	struct ceph_mds_request_head *head;
+	const char *path1 = NULL;
+	const char *path2 = NULL;
+	u64 ino1 = 0, ino2 = 0;
+	int pathlen1 = 0, pathlen2 = 0;
+	int freepath1 = 0, freepath2 = 0;
+	int len;
+	u16 releases;
+	void *p, *end;
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = set_request_path_attr(req->r_inode, req->r_dentry,
+			      req->r_path1, req->r_ino1.ino,
+			      &path1, &pathlen1, &ino1, &freepath1);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		msg = ERR_PTR(ret);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	ret = set_request_path_attr(NULL, req->r_old_dentry,
+			      req->r_path2, req->r_ino2.ino,
+			      &path2, &pathlen2, &ino2, &freepath2);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		msg = ERR_PTR(ret);
+		goto out_free1;
+	}
+
+	len = sizeof(*head) +
+		pathlen1 + pathlen2 + 2*(sizeof(u32) + sizeof(u64));
+
+	/* calculate (max) length for cap releases */
+	len += sizeof(struct ceph_mds_request_release) *
+		(!!req->r_inode_drop + !!req->r_dentry_drop +
+		 !!req->r_old_inode_drop + !!req->r_old_dentry_drop);
+	if (req->r_dentry_drop)
+		len += req->r_dentry->d_name.len;
+	if (req->r_old_dentry_drop)
+		len += req->r_old_dentry->d_name.len;
+
+	msg = ceph_msg_new(CEPH_MSG_CLIENT_REQUEST, len, 0, 0, NULL);
+	if (IS_ERR(msg))
+		goto out_free2;
+
+	head = msg->front.iov_base;
+	p = msg->front.iov_base + sizeof(*head);
+	end = msg->front.iov_base + msg->front.iov_len;
+
+	head->mdsmap_epoch = cpu_to_le32(mdsc->mdsmap->m_epoch);
+	head->op = cpu_to_le32(req->r_op);
+	head->caller_uid = cpu_to_le32(current_fsuid());
+	head->caller_gid = cpu_to_le32(current_fsgid());
+	head->args = req->r_args;
+
+	ceph_encode_filepath(&p, end, ino1, path1);
+	ceph_encode_filepath(&p, end, ino2, path2);
+
+	/* cap releases */
+	releases = 0;
+	if (req->r_inode_drop)
+		releases += ceph_encode_inode_release(&p,
+		      req->r_inode ? req->r_inode : req->r_dentry->d_inode,
+		      mds, req->r_inode_drop, req->r_inode_unless, 0);
+	if (req->r_dentry_drop)
+		releases += ceph_encode_dentry_release(&p, req->r_dentry,
+		       mds, req->r_dentry_drop, req->r_dentry_unless);
+	if (req->r_old_dentry_drop)
+		releases += ceph_encode_dentry_release(&p, req->r_old_dentry,
+		       mds, req->r_old_dentry_drop, req->r_old_dentry_unless);
+	if (req->r_old_inode_drop)
+		releases += ceph_encode_inode_release(&p,
+		      req->r_old_dentry->d_inode,
+		      mds, req->r_old_inode_drop, req->r_old_inode_unless, 0);
+	head->num_releases = cpu_to_le16(releases);
+
+	BUG_ON(p > end);
+	msg->front.iov_len = p - msg->front.iov_base;
+	msg->hdr.front_len = cpu_to_le32(msg->front.iov_len);
+
+	msg->pages = req->r_pages;
+	msg->nr_pages = req->r_num_pages;
+	msg->hdr.data_len = cpu_to_le32(req->r_data_len);
+	msg->hdr.data_off = cpu_to_le16(0);
+
+out_free2:
+	if (freepath2)
+		kfree((char *)path2);
+out_free1:
+	if (freepath1)
+		kfree((char *)path1);
+out:
+	return msg;
+}
+
+/*
+ * called under mdsc->mutex if error, under no mutex if
+ * success.
+ */
+static void complete_request(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+			     struct ceph_mds_request *req)
+{
+	if (req->r_callback)
+		req->r_callback(mdsc, req);
+	else
+		complete(&req->r_completion);
+}
+
+/*
+ * called under mdsc->mutex
+ */
+static int __prepare_send_request(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+				  struct ceph_mds_request *req,
+				  int mds)
+{
+	struct ceph_mds_request_head *rhead;
+	struct ceph_msg *msg;
+	int flags = 0;
+
+	req->r_mds = mds;
+	req->r_attempts++;
+	dout("prepare_send_request %p tid %lld %s (attempt %d)\n", req,
+	     req->r_tid, ceph_mds_op_name(req->r_op), req->r_attempts);
+
+	if (req->r_request) {
+		ceph_msg_put(req->r_request);
+		req->r_request = NULL;
+	}
+	msg = create_request_message(mdsc, req, mds);
+	if (IS_ERR(msg)) {
+		req->r_reply = ERR_PTR(PTR_ERR(msg));
+		complete_request(mdsc, req);
+		return -PTR_ERR(msg);
+	}
+	req->r_request = msg;
+
+	rhead = msg->front.iov_base;
+	rhead->tid = cpu_to_le64(req->r_tid);
+	rhead->oldest_client_tid = cpu_to_le64(__get_oldest_tid(mdsc));
+	if (req->r_got_unsafe)
+		flags |= CEPH_MDS_FLAG_REPLAY;
+	if (req->r_locked_dir)
+		flags |= CEPH_MDS_FLAG_WANT_DENTRY;
+	rhead->flags = cpu_to_le32(flags);
+	rhead->num_fwd = req->r_num_fwd;
+	rhead->num_retry = req->r_attempts - 1;
+
+	dout(" r_locked_dir = %p\n", req->r_locked_dir);
+
+	if (req->r_target_inode && req->r_got_unsafe)
+		rhead->ino = cpu_to_le64(ceph_ino(req->r_target_inode));
+	else
+		rhead->ino = 0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * send request, or put it on the appropriate wait list.
+ */
+static int __do_request(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+			struct ceph_mds_request *req)
+{
+	struct ceph_mds_session *session = NULL;
+	int mds = -1;
+	int err = -EAGAIN;
+
+	if (req->r_reply)
+		goto out;
+
+	if (req->r_timeout &&
+	    time_after_eq(jiffies, req->r_started + req->r_timeout)) {
+		dout("do_request timed out\n");
+		err = -EIO;
+		goto finish;
+	}
+
+	mds = __choose_mds(mdsc, req);
+	if (mds < 0 ||
+	    ceph_mdsmap_get_state(mdsc->mdsmap, mds) < CEPH_MDS_STATE_ACTIVE) {
+		dout("do_request no mds or not active, waiting for map\n");
+		list_add(&req->r_wait, &mdsc->waiting_for_map);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	/* get, open session */
+	session = __ceph_lookup_mds_session(mdsc, mds);
+	if (!session)
+		session = register_session(mdsc, mds);
+	dout("do_request mds%d session %p state %s\n", mds, session,
+	     session_state_name(session->s_state));
+	if (session->s_state != CEPH_MDS_SESSION_OPEN &&
+	    session->s_state != CEPH_MDS_SESSION_HUNG) {
+		if (session->s_state == CEPH_MDS_SESSION_NEW ||
+		    session->s_state == CEPH_MDS_SESSION_CLOSING)
+			__open_session(mdsc, session);
+		list_add(&req->r_wait, &session->s_waiting);
+		goto out_session;
+	}
+
+	/* send request */
+	req->r_session = get_session(session);
+	req->r_resend_mds = -1;   /* forget any previous mds hint */
+
+	if (req->r_request_started == 0)   /* note request start time */
+		req->r_request_started = jiffies;
+
+	err = __prepare_send_request(mdsc, req, mds);
+	if (!err) {
+		ceph_msg_get(req->r_request);
+		ceph_con_send(&session->s_con, req->r_request);
+	}
+
+out_session:
+	ceph_put_mds_session(session);
+out:
+	return err;
+
+finish:
+	req->r_reply = ERR_PTR(err);
+	complete_request(mdsc, req);
+	goto out;
+}
+
+/*
+ * called under mdsc->mutex
+ */
+static void __wake_requests(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+			    struct list_head *head)
+{
+	struct ceph_mds_request *req, *nreq;
+
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(req, nreq, head, r_wait) {
+		list_del_init(&req->r_wait);
+		__do_request(mdsc, req);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Wake up threads with requests pending for @mds, so that they can
+ * resubmit their requests to a possibly different mds.  If @all is set,
+ * wake up if their requests has been forwarded to @mds, too.
+ */
+static void kick_requests(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc, int mds, int all)
+{
+	struct ceph_mds_request *reqs[10];
+	u64 nexttid = 0;
+	int i, got;
+
+	dout("kick_requests mds%d\n", mds);
+	while (nexttid <= mdsc->last_tid) {
+		got = radix_tree_gang_lookup(&mdsc->request_tree,
+					     (void **)&reqs, nexttid, 10);
+		if (got == 0)
+			break;
+		nexttid = reqs[got-1]->r_tid + 1;
+		for (i = 0; i < got; i++) {
+			if (reqs[i]->r_got_unsafe)
+				continue;
+			if (reqs[i]->r_session &&
+			    reqs[i]->r_session->s_mds == mds) {
+				dout(" kicking tid %llu\n", reqs[i]->r_tid);
+				put_request_session(reqs[i]);
+				__do_request(mdsc, reqs[i]);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+void ceph_mdsc_submit_request(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+			      struct ceph_mds_request *req)
+{
+	dout("submit_request on %p\n", req);
+	mutex_lock(&mdsc->mutex);
+	__register_request(mdsc, req, NULL);
+	__do_request(mdsc, req);
+	mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Synchrously perform an mds request.  Take care of all of the
+ * session setup, forwarding, retry details.
+ */
+int ceph_mdsc_do_request(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+			 struct inode *dir,
+			 struct ceph_mds_request *req)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	dout("do_request on %p\n", req);
+
+	/* take CAP_PIN refs for r_inode, r_locked_dir, r_old_dentry */
+	if (req->r_inode)
+		ceph_get_cap_refs(ceph_inode(req->r_inode), CEPH_CAP_PIN);
+	if (req->r_locked_dir)
+		ceph_get_cap_refs(ceph_inode(req->r_locked_dir), CEPH_CAP_PIN);
+	if (req->r_old_dentry)
+		ceph_get_cap_refs(
+			ceph_inode(req->r_old_dentry->d_parent->d_inode),
+			CEPH_CAP_PIN);
+
+	/* issue */
+	mutex_lock(&mdsc->mutex);
+	__register_request(mdsc, req, dir);
+	__do_request(mdsc, req);
+
+	/* wait */
+	if (!req->r_reply) {
+		mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+		if (req->r_timeout) {
+			err = wait_for_completion_timeout(&req->r_completion,
+							  req->r_timeout);
+			if (err > 0)
+				err = 0;
+			else if (err == 0)
+				req->r_reply = ERR_PTR(-EIO);
+		} else {
+			wait_for_completion(&req->r_completion);
+		}
+		mutex_lock(&mdsc->mutex);
+	}
+
+	if (IS_ERR(req->r_reply)) {
+		err = PTR_ERR(req->r_reply);
+		req->r_reply = NULL;
+
+		/* clean up */
+		__unregister_request(mdsc, req);
+		if (!list_empty(&req->r_unsafe_item))
+			list_del_init(&req->r_unsafe_item);
+		complete(&req->r_safe_completion);
+	} else if (req->r_err) {
+		err = req->r_err;
+	} else {
+		err = le32_to_cpu(req->r_reply_info.head->result);
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+
+	dout("do_request %p done, result %d\n", req, err);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Handle mds reply.
+ *
+ * We take the session mutex and parse and process the reply immediately.
+ * This preserves the logical ordering of replies, capabilities, etc., sent
+ * by the MDS as they are applied to our local cache.
+ */
+static void handle_reply(struct ceph_mds_session *session, struct ceph_msg *msg)
+{
+	struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc = session->s_mdsc;
+	struct ceph_mds_request *req;
+	struct ceph_mds_reply_head *head = msg->front.iov_base;
+	struct ceph_mds_reply_info_parsed *rinfo;  /* parsed reply info */
+	u64 tid;
+	int err, result;
+	int mds;
+
+	if (msg->hdr.src.name.type != CEPH_ENTITY_TYPE_MDS)
+		return;
+	if (msg->front.iov_len < sizeof(*head)) {
+		pr_err("mdsc_handle_reply got corrupt (short) reply\n");
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/* get request, session */
+	tid = le64_to_cpu(head->tid);
+	mutex_lock(&mdsc->mutex);
+	req = __lookup_request(mdsc, tid);
+	if (!req) {
+		dout("handle_reply on unknown tid %llu\n", tid);
+		mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+		return;
+	}
+	dout("handle_reply %p\n", req);
+	mds = le64_to_cpu(msg->hdr.src.name.num);
+
+	/* correct session? */
+	if (!req->r_session && req->r_session != session) {
+		pr_err("mdsc_handle_reply got %llu on session mds%d"
+		       " not mds%d\n", tid, session->s_mds,
+		       req->r_session ? req->r_session->s_mds : -1);
+		mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	/* dup? */
+	if ((req->r_got_unsafe && !head->safe) ||
+	    (req->r_got_safe && head->safe)) {
+		pr_warning("got a dup %s reply on %llu from mds%d\n",
+			   head->safe ? "safe" : "unsafe", tid, mds);
+		mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	result = le32_to_cpu(head->result);
+
+	/*
+	 * Tolerate 2 consecutive ESTALEs from the same mds.
+	 * FIXME: we should be looking at the cap migrate_seq.
+	 */
+	if (result == -ESTALE) {
+		req->r_direct_mode = USE_AUTH_MDS;
+		req->r_num_stale++;
+		if (req->r_num_stale <= 2) {
+			__do_request(mdsc, req);
+			mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+			goto out;
+		}
+	} else {
+		req->r_num_stale = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (head->safe) {
+		req->r_got_safe = true;
+		__unregister_request(mdsc, req);
+		complete(&req->r_safe_completion);
+
+		if (req->r_got_unsafe) {
+			/*
+			 * We already handled the unsafe response, now do the
+			 * cleanup.  No need to examine the response; the MDS
+			 * doesn't include any result info in the safe
+			 * response.  And even if it did, there is nothing
+			 * useful we could do with a revised return value.
+			 */
+			dout("got safe reply %llu, mds%d\n", tid, mds);
+			list_del_init(&req->r_unsafe_item);
+
+			/* last unsafe request during umount? */
+			if (mdsc->stopping && !__get_oldest_tid(mdsc))
+				complete(&mdsc->safe_umount_waiters);
+			mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+			goto out;
+		}
+	}
+
+	BUG_ON(req->r_reply);
+
+	if (!head->safe) {
+		req->r_got_unsafe = true;
+		list_add_tail(&req->r_unsafe_item, &req->r_session->s_unsafe);
+	}
+
+	dout("handle_reply tid %lld result %d\n", tid, result);
+	rinfo = &req->r_reply_info;
+	err = parse_reply_info(msg, rinfo);
+	mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+
+	mutex_lock(&session->s_mutex);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		pr_err("mdsc_handle_reply got corrupt reply mds%d\n", mds);
+		goto out_err;
+	}
+
+	/* snap trace */
+	if (rinfo->snapblob_len) {
+		down_write(&mdsc->snap_rwsem);
+		ceph_update_snap_trace(mdsc, rinfo->snapblob,
+			       rinfo->snapblob + rinfo->snapblob_len,
+			       le32_to_cpu(head->op) == CEPH_MDS_OP_RMSNAP);
+		downgrade_write(&mdsc->snap_rwsem);
+	} else {
+		down_read(&mdsc->snap_rwsem);
+	}
+
+	/* insert trace into our cache */
+	err = ceph_fill_trace(mdsc->client->sb, req, req->r_session);
+	if (err == 0) {
+		if (result == 0 && rinfo->dir_nr)
+			ceph_readdir_prepopulate(req, req->r_session);
+		ceph_unreserve_caps(&req->r_caps_reservation);
+	}
+
+	up_read(&mdsc->snap_rwsem);
+out_err:
+	if (err) {
+		req->r_err = err;
+	} else {
+		req->r_reply = msg;
+		ceph_msg_get(msg);
+	}
+
+	add_cap_releases(mdsc, req->r_session, -1);
+	mutex_unlock(&session->s_mutex);
+
+	/* kick calling process */
+	complete_request(mdsc, req);
+out:
+	ceph_mdsc_put_request(req);
+	return;
+}
+
+
+
+/*
+ * handle mds notification that our request has been forwarded.
+ */
+static void handle_forward(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc, struct ceph_msg *msg)
+{
+	struct ceph_mds_request *req;
+	u64 tid;
+	u32 next_mds;
+	u32 fwd_seq;
+	u8 must_resend;
+	int err = -EINVAL;
+	void *p = msg->front.iov_base;
+	void *end = p + msg->front.iov_len;
+	int from_mds, state;
+
+	if (msg->hdr.src.name.type != CEPH_ENTITY_TYPE_MDS)
+		goto bad;
+	from_mds = le64_to_cpu(msg->hdr.src.name.num);
+
+	ceph_decode_need(&p, end, sizeof(u64)+2*sizeof(u32), bad);
+	ceph_decode_64(&p, tid);
+	ceph_decode_32(&p, next_mds);
+	ceph_decode_32(&p, fwd_seq);
+	ceph_decode_8(&p, must_resend);
+
+	WARN_ON(must_resend);  /* shouldn't happen. */
+
+	mutex_lock(&mdsc->mutex);
+	req = __lookup_request(mdsc, tid);
+	if (!req) {
+		dout("forward %llu dne\n", tid);
+		goto out;  /* dup reply? */
+	}
+
+	state = mdsc->sessions[next_mds]->s_state;
+	if (fwd_seq <= req->r_num_fwd) {
+		dout("forward %llu to mds%d - old seq %d <= %d\n",
+		     tid, next_mds, req->r_num_fwd, fwd_seq);
+	} else {
+		/* resend. forward race not possible; mds would drop */
+		dout("forward %llu to mds%d (we resend)\n", tid, next_mds);
+		req->r_num_fwd = fwd_seq;
+		req->r_resend_mds = next_mds;
+		put_request_session(req);
+		__do_request(mdsc, req);
+	}
+	ceph_mdsc_put_request(req);
+out:
+	mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+	return;
+
+bad:
+	pr_err("mdsc_handle_forward decode error err=%d\n", err);
+}
+
+/*
+ * handle a mds session control message
+ */
+static void handle_session(struct ceph_mds_session *session,
+			   struct ceph_msg *msg)
+{
+	struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc = session->s_mdsc;
+	u32 op;
+	u64 seq;
+	int mds;
+	struct ceph_mds_session_head *h = msg->front.iov_base;
+	int wake = 0;
+
+	if (msg->hdr.src.name.type != CEPH_ENTITY_TYPE_MDS)
+		return;
+	mds = le64_to_cpu(msg->hdr.src.name.num);
+
+	/* decode */
+	if (msg->front.iov_len != sizeof(*h))
+		goto bad;
+	op = le32_to_cpu(h->op);
+	seq = le64_to_cpu(h->seq);
+
+	mutex_lock(&mdsc->mutex);
+	/* FIXME: this ttl calculation is generous */
+	session->s_ttl = jiffies + HZ*mdsc->mdsmap->m_session_autoclose;
+	mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+
+	mutex_lock(&session->s_mutex);
+
+	dout("handle_session mds%d %s %p state %s seq %llu\n",
+	     mds, ceph_session_op_name(op), session,
+	     session_state_name(session->s_state), seq);
+
+	if (session->s_state == CEPH_MDS_SESSION_HUNG) {
+		session->s_state = CEPH_MDS_SESSION_OPEN;
+		pr_info("mds%d came back\n", session->s_mds);
+	}
+
+	switch (op) {
+	case CEPH_SESSION_OPEN:
+		session->s_state = CEPH_MDS_SESSION_OPEN;
+		renewed_caps(mdsc, session, 0);
+		wake = 1;
+		if (mdsc->stopping)
+			__close_session(mdsc, session);
+		break;
+
+	case CEPH_SESSION_RENEWCAPS:
+		if (session->s_renew_seq == seq)
+			renewed_caps(mdsc, session, 1);
+		break;
+
+	case CEPH_SESSION_CLOSE:
+		unregister_session(mdsc, mds);
+		remove_session_caps(session);
+		wake = 1; /* for good measure */
+		complete(&mdsc->session_close_waiters);
+		kick_requests(mdsc, mds, 0);      /* cur only */
+		break;
+
+	case CEPH_SESSION_STALE:
+		pr_info("mds%d caps went stale, renewing\n",
+			session->s_mds);
+		spin_lock(&session->s_cap_lock);
+		session->s_cap_gen++;
+		session->s_cap_ttl = 0;
+		spin_unlock(&session->s_cap_lock);
+		send_renew_caps(mdsc, session);
+		break;
+
+	case CEPH_SESSION_RECALL_STATE:
+		trim_caps(mdsc, session, le32_to_cpu(h->max_caps));
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		pr_err("mdsc_handle_session bad op %d mds%d\n", op, mds);
+		WARN_ON(1);
+	}
+
+	mutex_unlock(&session->s_mutex);
+	if (wake) {
+		mutex_lock(&mdsc->mutex);
+		__wake_requests(mdsc, &session->s_waiting);
+		mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+	}
+	return;
+
+bad:
+	pr_err("mdsc_handle_session corrupt message mds%d len %d\n", mds,
+	       (int)msg->front.iov_len);
+	return;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * called under session->mutex.
+ */
+static void replay_unsafe_requests(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+				   struct ceph_mds_session *session)
+{
+	struct ceph_mds_request *req, *nreq;
+	int err;
+
+	dout("replay_unsafe_requests mds%d\n", session->s_mds);
+
+	mutex_lock(&mdsc->mutex);
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(req, nreq, &session->s_unsafe, r_unsafe_item) {
+		err = __prepare_send_request(mdsc, req, session->s_mds);
+		if (!err) {
+			ceph_msg_get(req->r_request);
+			ceph_con_send(&session->s_con, req->r_request);
+		}
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Encode information about a cap for a reconnect with the MDS.
+ */
+struct encode_caps_data {
+	void **pp;
+	void *end;
+	int *num_caps;
+};
+
+static int encode_caps_cb(struct inode *inode, struct ceph_cap *cap,
+			  void *arg)
+{
+	struct ceph_mds_cap_reconnect *rec;
+	struct ceph_inode_info *ci;
+	struct encode_caps_data *data = (struct encode_caps_data *)arg;
+	void *p = *(data->pp);
+	void *end = data->end;
+	char *path;
+	int pathlen, err;
+	u64 pathbase;
+	struct dentry *dentry;
+
+	ci = cap->ci;
+
+	dout(" adding %p ino %llx.%llx cap %p %lld %s\n",
+	     inode, ceph_vinop(inode), cap, cap->cap_id,
+	     ceph_cap_string(cap->issued));
+	ceph_decode_need(&p, end, sizeof(u64), needmore);
+	ceph_encode_64(&p, ceph_ino(inode));
+
+	dentry = d_find_alias(inode);
+	if (dentry) {
+		path = ceph_mdsc_build_path(dentry, &pathlen, &pathbase, 0);
+		if (IS_ERR(path)) {
+			err = PTR_ERR(path);
+			BUG_ON(err);
+		}
+	} else {
+		path = NULL;
+		pathlen = 0;
+	}
+	ceph_decode_need(&p, end, pathlen+4, needmore);
+	ceph_encode_string(&p, end, path, pathlen);
+
+	ceph_decode_need(&p, end, sizeof(*rec), needmore);
+	rec = p;
+	p += sizeof(*rec);
+	BUG_ON(p > end);
+	spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
+	cap->seq = 0;        /* reset cap seq */
+	cap->issue_seq = 0;  /* and issue_seq */
+	rec->cap_id = cpu_to_le64(cap->cap_id);
+	rec->pathbase = cpu_to_le64(pathbase);
+	rec->wanted = cpu_to_le32(__ceph_caps_wanted(ci));
+	rec->issued = cpu_to_le32(cap->issued);
+	rec->size = cpu_to_le64(inode->i_size);
+	ceph_encode_timespec(&rec->mtime, &inode->i_mtime);
+	ceph_encode_timespec(&rec->atime, &inode->i_atime);
+	rec->snaprealm = cpu_to_le64(ci->i_snap_realm->ino);
+	spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
+
+	kfree(path);
+	dput(dentry);
+	(*data->num_caps)++;
+	*(data->pp) = p;
+	return 0;
+needmore:
+	return -ENOSPC;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * If an MDS fails and recovers, clients need to reconnect in order to
+ * reestablish shared state.  This includes all caps issued through
+ * this session _and_ the snap_realm hierarchy.  Because it's not
+ * clear which snap realms the mds cares about, we send everything we
+ * know about.. that ensures we'll then get any new info the
+ * recovering MDS might have.
+ *
+ * This is a relatively heavyweight operation, but it's rare.
+ *
+ * called with mdsc->mutex held.
+ */
+static void send_mds_reconnect(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc, int mds)
+{
+	struct ceph_mds_session *session;
+	struct ceph_msg *reply;
+	int newlen, len = 4 + 1;
+	void *p, *end;
+	int err;
+	int num_caps, num_realms = 0;
+	int got;
+	u64 next_snap_ino = 0;
+	__le32 *pnum_caps, *pnum_realms;
+	struct encode_caps_data iter_args;
+
+	pr_info("reconnect to recovering mds%d\n", mds);
+
+	/* find session */
+	session = __ceph_lookup_mds_session(mdsc, mds);
+	mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);    /* drop lock for duration */
+
+	if (session) {
+		mutex_lock(&session->s_mutex);
+
+		session->s_state = CEPH_MDS_SESSION_RECONNECTING;
+		session->s_seq = 0;
+
+		ceph_con_open(&session->s_con,
+			      ceph_mdsmap_get_addr(mdsc->mdsmap, mds));
+
+		/* replay unsafe requests */
+		replay_unsafe_requests(mdsc, session);
+
+		/* estimate needed space */
+		len += session->s_nr_caps *
+			(100+sizeof(struct ceph_mds_cap_reconnect));
+		pr_info("estimating i need %d bytes for %d caps\n",
+		     len, session->s_nr_caps);
+	} else {
+		dout("no session for mds%d, will send short reconnect\n",
+		     mds);
+	}
+
+	down_read(&mdsc->snap_rwsem);
+
+retry:
+	/* build reply */
+	reply = ceph_msg_new(CEPH_MSG_CLIENT_RECONNECT, len, 0, 0, NULL);
+	if (IS_ERR(reply)) {
+		err = PTR_ERR(reply);
+		pr_err("send_mds_reconnect ENOMEM on %d for mds%d\n",
+		       len, mds);
+		goto out;
+	}
+	p = reply->front.iov_base;
+	end = p + len;
+
+	if (!session) {
+		ceph_encode_8(&p, 1); /* session was closed */
+		ceph_encode_32(&p, 0);
+		goto send;
+	}
+	dout("session %p state %s\n", session,
+	     session_state_name(session->s_state));
+
+	/* traverse this session's caps */
+	ceph_encode_8(&p, 0);
+	pnum_caps = p;
+	ceph_encode_32(&p, session->s_nr_caps);
+	num_caps = 0;
+
+	iter_args.pp = &p;
+	iter_args.end = end;
+	iter_args.num_caps = &num_caps;
+	err = iterate_session_caps(session, encode_caps_cb, &iter_args);
+	if (err == -ENOSPC)
+		goto needmore;
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto out;
+	*pnum_caps = cpu_to_le32(num_caps);
+
+	/*
+	 * snaprealms.  we provide mds with the ino, seq (version), and
+	 * parent for all of our realms.  If the mds has any newer info,
+	 * it will tell us.
+	 */
+	next_snap_ino = 0;
+	/* save some space for the snaprealm count */
+	pnum_realms = p;
+	ceph_decode_need(&p, end, sizeof(*pnum_realms), needmore);
+	p += sizeof(*pnum_realms);
+	num_realms = 0;
+	while (1) {
+		struct ceph_snap_realm *realm;
+		struct ceph_mds_snaprealm_reconnect *sr_rec;
+		got = radix_tree_gang_lookup(&mdsc->snap_realms,
+					     (void **)&realm, next_snap_ino, 1);
+		if (!got)
+			break;
+
+		dout(" adding snap realm %llx seq %lld parent %llx\n",
+		     realm->ino, realm->seq, realm->parent_ino);
+		ceph_decode_need(&p, end, sizeof(*sr_rec), needmore);
+		sr_rec = p;
+		sr_rec->ino = cpu_to_le64(realm->ino);
+		sr_rec->seq = cpu_to_le64(realm->seq);
+		sr_rec->parent = cpu_to_le64(realm->parent_ino);
+		p += sizeof(*sr_rec);
+		num_realms++;
+		next_snap_ino = realm->ino + 1;
+	}
+	*pnum_realms = cpu_to_le32(num_realms);
+
+send:
+	reply->front.iov_len = p - reply->front.iov_base;
+	reply->hdr.front_len = cpu_to_le32(reply->front.iov_len);
+	dout("final len was %u (guessed %d)\n",
+	     (unsigned)reply->front.iov_len, len);
+	ceph_con_send(&session->s_con, reply);
+
+	if (session) {
+		session->s_state = CEPH_MDS_SESSION_OPEN;
+		__wake_requests(mdsc, &session->s_waiting);
+	}
+
+out:
+	up_read(&mdsc->snap_rwsem);
+	if (session) {
+		mutex_unlock(&session->s_mutex);
+		ceph_put_mds_session(session);
+	}
+	mutex_lock(&mdsc->mutex);
+	return;
+
+needmore:
+	/*
+	 * we need a larger buffer.  this doesn't very accurately
+	 * factor in snap realms, but it's safe.
+	 */
+	num_caps += num_realms;
+	newlen = len * ((100 * (session->s_nr_caps+3)) / (num_caps + 1)) / 100;
+	pr_info("i guessed %d, and did %d of %d caps, retrying with %d\n",
+	     len, num_caps, session->s_nr_caps, newlen);
+	len = newlen;
+	ceph_msg_put(reply);
+	goto retry;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * compare old and new mdsmaps, kicking requests
+ * and closing out old connections as necessary
+ *
+ * called under mdsc->mutex.
+ */
+static void check_new_map(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+			  struct ceph_mdsmap *newmap,
+			  struct ceph_mdsmap *oldmap)
+{
+	int i;
+	int oldstate, newstate;
+	struct ceph_mds_session *s;
+
+	dout("check_new_map new %u old %u\n",
+	     newmap->m_epoch, oldmap->m_epoch);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < oldmap->m_max_mds && i < mdsc->max_sessions; i++) {
+		if (mdsc->sessions[i] == NULL)
+			continue;
+		s = mdsc->sessions[i];
+		oldstate = ceph_mdsmap_get_state(oldmap, i);
+		newstate = ceph_mdsmap_get_state(newmap, i);
+
+		dout("check_new_map mds%d state %s -> %s (session %s)\n",
+		     i, ceph_mds_state_name(oldstate),
+		     ceph_mds_state_name(newstate),
+		     session_state_name(s->s_state));
+
+		if (memcmp(ceph_mdsmap_get_addr(oldmap, i),
+			   ceph_mdsmap_get_addr(newmap, i),
+			   sizeof(struct ceph_entity_addr))) {
+			if (s->s_state == CEPH_MDS_SESSION_OPENING) {
+				/* the session never opened, just close it
+				 * out now */
+				__wake_requests(mdsc, &s->s_waiting);
+				unregister_session(mdsc, i);
+			} else {
+				/* just close it */
+				mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+				mutex_lock(&s->s_mutex);
+				mutex_lock(&mdsc->mutex);
+				ceph_con_close(&s->s_con);
+				mutex_unlock(&s->s_mutex);
+				s->s_state = CEPH_MDS_SESSION_RESTARTING;
+			}
+
+			/* kick any requests waiting on the recovering mds */
+			kick_requests(mdsc, i, 1);
+		} else if (oldstate == newstate) {
+			continue;  /* nothing new with this mds */
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * send reconnect?
+		 */
+		if (s->s_state == CEPH_MDS_SESSION_RESTARTING &&
+		    newstate >= CEPH_MDS_STATE_RECONNECT)
+			send_mds_reconnect(mdsc, i);
+
+		/*
+		 * kick requests on any mds that has gone active.
+		 *
+		 * kick requests on cur or forwarder: we may have sent
+		 * the request to mds1, mds1 told us it forwarded it
+		 * to mds2, but then we learn mds1 failed and can't be
+		 * sure it successfully forwarded our request before
+		 * it died.
+		 */
+		if (oldstate < CEPH_MDS_STATE_ACTIVE &&
+		    newstate >= CEPH_MDS_STATE_ACTIVE) {
+			kick_requests(mdsc, i, 1);
+			ceph_kick_flushing_caps(mdsc, s);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+
+
+/*
+ * leases
+ */
+
+/*
+ * caller must hold session s_mutex, dentry->d_lock
+ */
+void __ceph_mdsc_drop_dentry_lease(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	struct ceph_dentry_info *di = ceph_dentry(dentry);
+
+	ceph_put_mds_session(di->lease_session);
+	di->lease_session = NULL;
+}
+
+static void handle_lease(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc, struct ceph_msg *msg)
+{
+	struct super_block *sb = mdsc->client->sb;
+	struct inode *inode;
+	struct ceph_mds_session *session;
+	struct ceph_inode_info *ci;
+	struct dentry *parent, *dentry;
+	struct ceph_dentry_info *di;
+	int mds;
+	struct ceph_mds_lease *h = msg->front.iov_base;
+	struct ceph_vino vino;
+	int mask;
+	struct qstr dname;
+	int release = 0;
+
+	if (msg->hdr.src.name.type != CEPH_ENTITY_TYPE_MDS)
+		return;
+	mds = le64_to_cpu(msg->hdr.src.name.num);
+	dout("handle_lease from mds%d\n", mds);
+
+	/* decode */
+	if (msg->front.iov_len < sizeof(*h) + sizeof(u32))
+		goto bad;
+	vino.ino = le64_to_cpu(h->ino);
+	vino.snap = CEPH_NOSNAP;
+	mask = le16_to_cpu(h->mask);
+	dname.name = (void *)h + sizeof(*h) + sizeof(u32);
+	dname.len = msg->front.iov_len - sizeof(*h) - sizeof(u32);
+	if (dname.len != get_unaligned_le32(h+1))
+		goto bad;
+
+	/* find session */
+	mutex_lock(&mdsc->mutex);
+	session = __ceph_lookup_mds_session(mdsc, mds);
+	mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+	if (!session) {
+		pr_err("handle_lease got lease but no session mds%d\n", mds);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	mutex_lock(&session->s_mutex);
+	session->s_seq++;
+
+	/* lookup inode */
+	inode = ceph_find_inode(sb, vino);
+	dout("handle_lease '%s', mask %d, ino %llx %p\n",
+	     ceph_lease_op_name(h->action), mask, vino.ino, inode);
+	if (inode == NULL) {
+		dout("handle_lease no inode %llx\n", vino.ino);
+		goto release;
+	}
+	ci = ceph_inode(inode);
+
+	/* dentry */
+	parent = d_find_alias(inode);
+	if (!parent) {
+		dout("no parent dentry on inode %p\n", inode);
+		WARN_ON(1);
+		goto release;  /* hrm... */
+	}
+	dname.hash = full_name_hash(dname.name, dname.len);
+	dentry = d_lookup(parent, &dname);
+	dput(parent);
+	if (!dentry)
+		goto release;
+
+	spin_lock(&dentry->d_lock);
+	di = ceph_dentry(dentry);
+	switch (h->action) {
+	case CEPH_MDS_LEASE_REVOKE:
+		if (di && di->lease_session == session) {
+			h->seq = cpu_to_le32(di->lease_seq);
+			__ceph_mdsc_drop_dentry_lease(dentry);
+		}
+		release = 1;
+		break;
+
+	case CEPH_MDS_LEASE_RENEW:
+		if (di && di->lease_session == session &&
+		    di->lease_gen == session->s_cap_gen &&
+		    di->lease_renew_from &&
+		    di->lease_renew_after == 0) {
+			unsigned long duration =
+				le32_to_cpu(h->duration_ms) * HZ / 1000;
+
+			di->lease_seq = le32_to_cpu(h->seq);
+			dentry->d_time = di->lease_renew_from + duration;
+			di->lease_renew_after = di->lease_renew_from +
+				(duration >> 1);
+			di->lease_renew_from = 0;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&dentry->d_lock);
+	dput(dentry);
+
+	if (!release)
+		goto out;
+
+release:
+	/* let's just reuse the same message */
+	h->action = CEPH_MDS_LEASE_REVOKE_ACK;
+	ceph_msg_get(msg);
+	ceph_con_send(&session->s_con, msg);
+
+out:
+	iput(inode);
+	mutex_unlock(&session->s_mutex);
+	ceph_put_mds_session(session);
+	return;
+
+bad:
+	pr_err("corrupt lease message\n");
+}
+
+void ceph_mdsc_lease_send_msg(struct ceph_mds_session *session,
+			      struct inode *inode,
+			      struct dentry *dentry, char action,
+			      u32 seq)
+{
+	struct ceph_msg *msg;
+	struct ceph_mds_lease *lease;
+	int len = sizeof(*lease) + sizeof(u32);
+	int dnamelen = 0;
+
+	dout("lease_send_msg inode %p dentry %p %s to mds%d\n",
+	     inode, dentry, ceph_lease_op_name(action), session->s_mds);
+	dnamelen = dentry->d_name.len;
+	len += dnamelen;
+
+	msg = ceph_msg_new(CEPH_MSG_CLIENT_LEASE, len, 0, 0, NULL);
+	if (IS_ERR(msg))
+		return;
+	lease = msg->front.iov_base;
+	lease->action = action;
+	lease->mask = cpu_to_le16(CEPH_LOCK_DN);
+	lease->ino = cpu_to_le64(ceph_vino(inode).ino);
+	lease->first = lease->last = cpu_to_le64(ceph_vino(inode).snap);
+	lease->seq = cpu_to_le32(seq);
+	put_unaligned_le32(dnamelen, lease + 1);
+	memcpy((void *)(lease + 1) + 4, dentry->d_name.name, dnamelen);
+
+	/*
+	 * if this is a preemptive lease RELEASE, no need to
+	 * flush request stream, since the actual request will
+	 * soon follow.
+	 */
+	msg->more_to_follow = (action == CEPH_MDS_LEASE_RELEASE);
+
+	ceph_con_send(&session->s_con, msg);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Preemptively release a lease we expect to invalidate anyway.
+ * Pass @inode always, @dentry is optional.
+ */
+void ceph_mdsc_lease_release(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc, struct inode *inode,
+			     struct dentry *dentry, int mask)
+{
+	struct ceph_dentry_info *di;
+	struct ceph_mds_session *session;
+	u32 seq;
+
+	BUG_ON(inode == NULL);
+	BUG_ON(dentry == NULL);
+	BUG_ON(mask != CEPH_LOCK_DN);
+
+	/* is dentry lease valid? */
+	spin_lock(&dentry->d_lock);
+	di = ceph_dentry(dentry);
+	if (!di || !di->lease_session ||
+	    di->lease_session->s_mds < 0 ||
+	    di->lease_gen != di->lease_session->s_cap_gen ||
+	    !time_before(jiffies, dentry->d_time)) {
+		dout("lease_release inode %p dentry %p -- "
+		     "no lease on %d\n",
+		     inode, dentry, mask);
+		spin_unlock(&dentry->d_lock);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/* we do have a lease on this dentry; note mds and seq */
+	session = ceph_get_mds_session(di->lease_session);
+	seq = di->lease_seq;
+	__ceph_mdsc_drop_dentry_lease(dentry);
+	spin_unlock(&dentry->d_lock);
+
+	dout("lease_release inode %p dentry %p mask %d to mds%d\n",
+	     inode, dentry, mask, session->s_mds);
+	ceph_mdsc_lease_send_msg(session, inode, dentry,
+				 CEPH_MDS_LEASE_RELEASE, seq);
+	ceph_put_mds_session(session);
+}
+
+/*
+ * drop all leases (and dentry refs) in preparation for umount
+ */
+static void drop_leases(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	dout("drop_leases\n");
+	mutex_lock(&mdsc->mutex);
+	for (i = 0; i < mdsc->max_sessions; i++) {
+		struct ceph_mds_session *s = __ceph_lookup_mds_session(mdsc, i);
+		if (!s)
+			continue;
+		mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+		mutex_lock(&s->s_mutex);
+		mutex_unlock(&s->s_mutex);
+		ceph_put_mds_session(s);
+		mutex_lock(&mdsc->mutex);
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+}
+
+
+
+/*
+ * delayed work -- periodically trim expired leases, renew caps with mds
+ */
+static void schedule_delayed(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc)
+{
+	int delay = 5;
+	unsigned hz = round_jiffies_relative(HZ * delay);
+	schedule_delayed_work(&mdsc->delayed_work, hz);
+}
+
+static void delayed_work(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc =
+		container_of(work, struct ceph_mds_client, delayed_work.work);
+	int renew_interval;
+	int renew_caps;
+
+	dout("mdsc delayed_work\n");
+	ceph_check_delayed_caps(mdsc, 0);
+
+	mutex_lock(&mdsc->mutex);
+	renew_interval = mdsc->mdsmap->m_session_timeout >> 2;
+	renew_caps = time_after_eq(jiffies, HZ*renew_interval +
+				   mdsc->last_renew_caps);
+	if (renew_caps)
+		mdsc->last_renew_caps = jiffies;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < mdsc->max_sessions; i++) {
+		struct ceph_mds_session *s = __ceph_lookup_mds_session(mdsc, i);
+		if (s == NULL)
+			continue;
+		if (s->s_state == CEPH_MDS_SESSION_CLOSING) {
+			dout("resending session close request for mds%d\n",
+			     s->s_mds);
+			request_close_session(mdsc, s);
+			ceph_put_mds_session(s);
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (s->s_ttl && time_after(jiffies, s->s_ttl)) {
+			if (s->s_state == CEPH_MDS_SESSION_OPEN) {
+				s->s_state = CEPH_MDS_SESSION_HUNG;
+				pr_info("mds%d hung\n", s->s_mds);
+			}
+		}
+		if (s->s_state < CEPH_MDS_SESSION_OPEN) {
+			/* this mds is failed or recovering, just wait */
+			ceph_put_mds_session(s);
+			continue;
+		}
+		mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+
+		mutex_lock(&s->s_mutex);
+		if (renew_caps)
+			send_renew_caps(mdsc, s);
+		else
+			ceph_con_keepalive(&s->s_con);
+		add_cap_releases(mdsc, s, -1);
+		send_cap_releases(mdsc, s);
+		mutex_unlock(&s->s_mutex);
+		ceph_put_mds_session(s);
+
+		mutex_lock(&mdsc->mutex);
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+
+	schedule_delayed(mdsc);
+}
+
+
+void ceph_mdsc_init(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc, struct ceph_client *client)
+{
+	mdsc->client = client;
+	mutex_init(&mdsc->mutex);
+	mdsc->mdsmap = kzalloc(sizeof(*mdsc->mdsmap), GFP_NOFS);
+	init_completion(&mdsc->safe_umount_waiters);
+	init_completion(&mdsc->session_close_waiters);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mdsc->waiting_for_map);
+	mdsc->sessions = NULL;
+	mdsc->max_sessions = 0;
+	mdsc->stopping = 0;
+	init_rwsem(&mdsc->snap_rwsem);
+	INIT_RADIX_TREE(&mdsc->snap_realms, GFP_NOFS);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mdsc->snap_empty);
+	spin_lock_init(&mdsc->snap_empty_lock);
+	mdsc->last_tid = 0;
+	INIT_RADIX_TREE(&mdsc->request_tree, GFP_NOFS);
+	INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&mdsc->delayed_work, delayed_work);
+	mdsc->last_renew_caps = jiffies;
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mdsc->cap_delay_list);
+	spin_lock_init(&mdsc->cap_delay_lock);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mdsc->snap_flush_list);
+	spin_lock_init(&mdsc->snap_flush_lock);
+	mdsc->cap_flush_seq = 0;
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mdsc->cap_dirty);
+	mdsc->num_cap_flushing = 0;
+	spin_lock_init(&mdsc->cap_dirty_lock);
+	init_waitqueue_head(&mdsc->cap_flushing_wq);
+	spin_lock_init(&mdsc->dentry_lru_lock);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mdsc->dentry_lru);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Wait for safe replies on open mds requests.  If we time out, drop
+ * all requests from the tree to avoid dangling dentry refs.
+ */
+static void wait_requests(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc)
+{
+	struct ceph_mds_request *req;
+	struct ceph_client *client = mdsc->client;
+
+	mutex_lock(&mdsc->mutex);
+	if (__get_oldest_tid(mdsc)) {
+		mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+		dout("wait_requests waiting for requests\n");
+		wait_for_completion_timeout(&mdsc->safe_umount_waiters,
+				    client->mount_args.mount_timeout * HZ);
+		mutex_lock(&mdsc->mutex);
+
+		/* tear down remaining requests */
+		while (radix_tree_gang_lookup(&mdsc->request_tree,
+					      (void **)&req, 0, 1)) {
+			dout("wait_requests timed out on tid %llu\n",
+			     req->r_tid);
+			radix_tree_delete(&mdsc->request_tree, req->r_tid);
+			ceph_mdsc_put_request(req);
+		}
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+	dout("wait_requests done\n");
+}
+
+/*
+ * called before mount is ro, and before dentries are torn down.
+ * (hmm, does this still race with new lookups?)
+ */
+void ceph_mdsc_pre_umount(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc)
+{
+	dout("pre_umount\n");
+	mdsc->stopping = 1;
+
+	drop_leases(mdsc);
+	ceph_check_delayed_caps(mdsc, 1);
+	wait_requests(mdsc);
+}
+
+/*
+ * wait for all write mds requests to flush.
+ */
+static void wait_unsafe_requests(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc, u64 want_tid)
+{
+	struct ceph_mds_request *req;
+	u64 next_tid = 0;
+	int got;
+
+	mutex_lock(&mdsc->mutex);
+	dout("wait_unsafe_requests want %lld\n", want_tid);
+	while (1) {
+		got = radix_tree_gang_lookup(&mdsc->request_tree, (void **)&req,
+					     next_tid, 1);
+		if (!got)
+			break;
+		if (req->r_tid > want_tid)
+			break;
+
+		next_tid = req->r_tid + 1;
+		if ((req->r_op & CEPH_MDS_OP_WRITE) == 0)
+			continue;  /* not a write op */
+
+		ceph_mdsc_get_request(req);
+		mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+		dout("wait_unsafe_requests  wait on %llu (want %llu)\n",
+		     req->r_tid, want_tid);
+		wait_for_completion(&req->r_safe_completion);
+		mutex_lock(&mdsc->mutex);
+		ceph_mdsc_put_request(req);
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+	dout("wait_unsafe_requests done\n");
+}
+
+void ceph_mdsc_sync(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc)
+{
+	u64 want_tid, want_flush;
+
+	dout("sync\n");
+	mutex_lock(&mdsc->mutex);
+	want_tid = mdsc->last_tid;
+	want_flush = mdsc->cap_flush_seq;
+	mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+	dout("sync want tid %lld flush_seq %lld\n", want_tid, want_flush);
+
+	ceph_check_delayed_caps(mdsc, 1);
+
+	wait_unsafe_requests(mdsc, want_tid);
+	wait_event(mdsc->cap_flushing_wq, check_cap_flush(mdsc, want_flush));
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * called after sb is ro.
+ */
+void ceph_mdsc_close_sessions(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc)
+{
+	struct ceph_mds_session *session;
+	int i;
+	int n;
+	struct ceph_client *client = mdsc->client;
+	unsigned long started, timeout = client->mount_args.mount_timeout * HZ;
+
+	dout("close_sessions\n");
+
+	mutex_lock(&mdsc->mutex);
+
+	/* close sessions */
+	started = jiffies;
+	while (time_before(jiffies, started + timeout)) {
+		dout("closing sessions\n");
+		n = 0;
+		for (i = 0; i < mdsc->max_sessions; i++) {
+			session = __ceph_lookup_mds_session(mdsc, i);
+			if (!session)
+				continue;
+			mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+			mutex_lock(&session->s_mutex);
+			__close_session(mdsc, session);
+			mutex_unlock(&session->s_mutex);
+			ceph_put_mds_session(session);
+			mutex_lock(&mdsc->mutex);
+			n++;
+		}
+		if (n == 0)
+			break;
+
+		if (client->mount_state == CEPH_MOUNT_SHUTDOWN)
+			break;
+
+		dout("waiting for sessions to close\n");
+		mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+		wait_for_completion_timeout(&mdsc->session_close_waiters,
+					    timeout);
+		mutex_lock(&mdsc->mutex);
+	}
+
+	/* tear down remaining sessions */
+	for (i = 0; i < mdsc->max_sessions; i++) {
+		if (mdsc->sessions[i]) {
+			session = get_session(mdsc->sessions[i]);
+			unregister_session(mdsc, i);
+			mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+			mutex_lock(&session->s_mutex);
+			remove_session_caps(session);
+			mutex_unlock(&session->s_mutex);
+			ceph_put_mds_session(session);
+			mutex_lock(&mdsc->mutex);
+		}
+	}
+
+	WARN_ON(!list_empty(&mdsc->cap_delay_list));
+
+	mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+
+	ceph_cleanup_empty_realms(mdsc);
+
+	cancel_delayed_work_sync(&mdsc->delayed_work); /* cancel timer */
+
+	dout("stopped\n");
+}
+
+void ceph_mdsc_stop(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc)
+{
+	dout("stop\n");
+	cancel_delayed_work_sync(&mdsc->delayed_work); /* cancel timer */
+	if (mdsc->mdsmap)
+		ceph_mdsmap_destroy(mdsc->mdsmap);
+	kfree(mdsc->sessions);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * handle mds map update.
+ */
+void ceph_mdsc_handle_map(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc, struct ceph_msg *msg)
+{
+	u32 epoch;
+	u32 maplen;
+	void *p = msg->front.iov_base;
+	void *end = p + msg->front.iov_len;
+	struct ceph_mdsmap *newmap, *oldmap;
+	struct ceph_fsid fsid;
+	int err = -EINVAL;
+
+	ceph_decode_need(&p, end, sizeof(fsid)+2*sizeof(u32), bad);
+	ceph_decode_copy(&p, &fsid, sizeof(fsid));
+	if (ceph_fsid_compare(&fsid, &mdsc->client->monc.monmap->fsid)) {
+		pr_err("got mdsmap with wrong fsid\n");
+		return;
+	}
+	ceph_decode_32(&p, epoch);
+	ceph_decode_32(&p, maplen);
+	dout("handle_map epoch %u len %d\n", epoch, (int)maplen);
+
+	/* do we need it? */
+	ceph_monc_got_mdsmap(&mdsc->client->monc, epoch);
+	mutex_lock(&mdsc->mutex);
+	if (mdsc->mdsmap && epoch <= mdsc->mdsmap->m_epoch) {
+		dout("handle_map epoch %u <= our %u\n",
+		     epoch, mdsc->mdsmap->m_epoch);
+		mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	newmap = ceph_mdsmap_decode(&p, end);
+	if (IS_ERR(newmap)) {
+		err = PTR_ERR(newmap);
+		goto bad_unlock;
+	}
+
+	/* swap into place */
+	if (mdsc->mdsmap) {
+		oldmap = mdsc->mdsmap;
+		mdsc->mdsmap = newmap;
+		check_new_map(mdsc, newmap, oldmap);
+		ceph_mdsmap_destroy(oldmap);
+	} else {
+		mdsc->mdsmap = newmap;  /* first mds map */
+	}
+	mdsc->client->sb->s_maxbytes = mdsc->mdsmap->m_max_file_size;
+
+	__wake_requests(mdsc, &mdsc->waiting_for_map);
+
+	mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+	schedule_delayed(mdsc);
+	return;
+
+bad_unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&mdsc->mutex);
+bad:
+	pr_err("error decoding mdsmap %d\n", err);
+	return;
+}
+
+static struct ceph_connection *con_get(struct ceph_connection *con)
+{
+	struct ceph_mds_session *s = con->private;
+
+	if (get_session(s)) {
+		dout("mdsc con_get %p %d -> %d\n", s,
+		     atomic_read(&s->s_ref) - 1, atomic_read(&s->s_ref));
+		return con;
+	}
+	dout("mdsc con_get %p FAIL\n", s);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static void con_put(struct ceph_connection *con)
+{
+	struct ceph_mds_session *s = con->private;
+
+	dout("mdsc con_put %p %d -> %d\n", s, atomic_read(&s->s_ref),
+	     atomic_read(&s->s_ref) - 1);
+	ceph_put_mds_session(s);
+}
+
+/*
+ * if the client is unresponsive for long enough, the mds will kill
+ * the session entirely.
+ */
+static void peer_reset(struct ceph_connection *con)
+{
+	struct ceph_mds_session *s = con->private;
+
+	pr_err("mds%d gave us the boot.  IMPLEMENT RECONNECT.\n",
+	       s->s_mds);
+}
+
+static void dispatch(struct ceph_connection *con, struct ceph_msg *msg)
+{
+	struct ceph_mds_session *s = con->private;
+	struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc = s->s_mdsc;
+	int type = le16_to_cpu(msg->hdr.type);
+
+	switch (type) {
+	case CEPH_MSG_MDS_MAP:
+		ceph_mdsc_handle_map(mdsc, msg);
+		break;
+	case CEPH_MSG_CLIENT_SESSION:
+		handle_session(s, msg);
+		break;
+	case CEPH_MSG_CLIENT_REPLY:
+		handle_reply(s, msg);
+		break;
+	case CEPH_MSG_CLIENT_REQUEST_FORWARD:
+		handle_forward(mdsc, msg);
+		break;
+	case CEPH_MSG_CLIENT_CAPS:
+		ceph_handle_caps(s, msg);
+		break;
+	case CEPH_MSG_CLIENT_SNAP:
+		ceph_handle_snap(mdsc, msg);
+		break;
+	case CEPH_MSG_CLIENT_LEASE:
+		handle_lease(mdsc, msg);
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		pr_err("received unknown message type %d %s\n", type,
+		       ceph_msg_type_name(type));
+	}
+	ceph_msg_put(msg);
+}
+
+const static struct ceph_connection_operations mds_con_ops = {
+	.get = con_get,
+	.put = con_put,
+	.dispatch = dispatch,
+	.peer_reset = peer_reset,
+	.alloc_msg = ceph_alloc_msg,
+	.alloc_middle = ceph_alloc_middle,
+};
+
+
+
+
+/* eof */

fs/ceph/mds_client.h

@@ -0,0 +1,321 @@
+#ifndef _FS_CEPH_MDS_CLIENT_H
+#define _FS_CEPH_MDS_CLIENT_H
+
+#include <linux/completion.h>
+#include <linux/list.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+#include <linux/radix-tree.h>
+#include <linux/spinlock.h>
+
+#include "types.h"
+#include "messenger.h"
+#include "mdsmap.h"
+
+/*
+ * Some lock dependencies:
+ *
+ * session->s_mutex
+ *         mdsc->mutex
+ *
+ *         mdsc->snap_rwsem
+ *
+ *         inode->i_lock
+ *                 mdsc->snap_flush_lock
+ *                 mdsc->cap_delay_lock
+ *
+ */
+
+struct ceph_client;
+struct ceph_cap;
+
+/*
+ * parsed info about a single inode.  pointers are into the encoded
+ * on-wire structures within the mds reply message payload.
+ */
+struct ceph_mds_reply_info_in {
+	struct ceph_mds_reply_inode *in;
+	u32 symlink_len;
+	char *symlink;
+	u32 xattr_len;
+	char *xattr_data;
+};
+
+/*
+ * parsed info about an mds reply, including information about the
+ * target inode and/or its parent directory and dentry, and directory
+ * contents (for readdir results).
+ */
+struct ceph_mds_reply_info_parsed {
+	struct ceph_mds_reply_head    *head;
+
+	struct ceph_mds_reply_info_in diri, targeti;
+	struct ceph_mds_reply_dirfrag *dirfrag;
+	char                          *dname;
+	u32                           dname_len;
+	struct ceph_mds_reply_lease   *dlease;
+
+	struct ceph_mds_reply_dirfrag *dir_dir;
+	int                           dir_nr;
+	char                          **dir_dname;
+	u32                           *dir_dname_len;
+	struct ceph_mds_reply_lease   **dir_dlease;
+	struct ceph_mds_reply_info_in *dir_in;
+	u8                            dir_complete, dir_end;
+
+	/* encoded blob describing snapshot contexts for certain
+	   operations (e.g., open) */
+	void *snapblob;
+	int snapblob_len;
+};
+
+
+/*
+ * cap releases are batched and sent to the MDS en masse.
+ */
+#define CEPH_CAPS_PER_RELEASE ((PAGE_CACHE_SIZE -			\
+				sizeof(struct ceph_mds_cap_release)) /	\
+			       sizeof(struct ceph_mds_cap_item))
+
+
+/*
+ * state associated with each MDS<->client session
+ */
+enum {
+	CEPH_MDS_SESSION_NEW = 1,
+	CEPH_MDS_SESSION_OPENING = 2,
+	CEPH_MDS_SESSION_OPEN = 3,
+	CEPH_MDS_SESSION_HUNG = 4,
+	CEPH_MDS_SESSION_CLOSING = 5,
+	CEPH_MDS_SESSION_RESTARTING = 6,
+	CEPH_MDS_SESSION_RECONNECTING = 7,
+};
+
+struct ceph_mds_session {
+	struct ceph_mds_client *s_mdsc;
+	int               s_mds;
+	int               s_state;
+	unsigned long     s_ttl;      /* time until mds kills us */
+	u64               s_seq;      /* incoming msg seq # */
+	struct mutex      s_mutex;    /* serialize session messages */
+
+	struct ceph_connection s_con;
+
+	/* protected by s_cap_lock */
+	spinlock_t        s_cap_lock;
+	u32               s_cap_gen;  /* inc each time we get mds stale msg */
+	unsigned long     s_cap_ttl;  /* when session caps expire */
+	struct list_head  s_caps;     /* all caps issued by this session */
+	int               s_nr_caps, s_trim_caps;
+	int               s_num_cap_releases;
+	struct list_head  s_cap_releases; /* waiting cap_release messages */
+	struct list_head  s_cap_releases_done; /* ready to send */
+
+	/* protected by mutex */
+	struct list_head  s_cap_flushing;     /* inodes w/ flushing caps */
+	struct list_head  s_cap_snaps_flushing;
+	unsigned long     s_renew_requested; /* last time we sent a renew req */
+	u64               s_renew_seq;
+
+	atomic_t          s_ref;
+	struct list_head  s_waiting;  /* waiting requests */
+	struct list_head  s_unsafe;   /* unsafe requests */
+};
+
+/*
+ * modes of choosing which MDS to send a request to
+ */
+enum {
+	USE_ANY_MDS,
+	USE_RANDOM_MDS,
+	USE_AUTH_MDS,   /* prefer authoritative mds for this metadata item */
+};
+
+struct ceph_mds_request;
+struct ceph_mds_client;
+
+/*
+ * request completion callback
+ */
+typedef void (*ceph_mds_request_callback_t) (struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+					     struct ceph_mds_request *req);
+
+/*
+ * an in-flight mds request
+ */
+struct ceph_mds_request {
+	u64 r_tid;                   /* transaction id */
+
+	int r_op;                    /* mds op code */
+	int r_mds;
+
+	/* operation on what? */
+	struct inode *r_inode;              /* arg1 */
+	struct dentry *r_dentry;            /* arg1 */
+	struct dentry *r_old_dentry;        /* arg2: rename from or link from */
+	char *r_path1, *r_path2;
+	struct ceph_vino r_ino1, r_ino2;
+
+	struct inode *r_locked_dir; /* dir (if any) i_mutex locked by vfs */
+	struct inode *r_target_inode;       /* resulting inode */
+
+	union ceph_mds_request_args r_args;
+	int r_fmode;        /* file mode, if expecting cap */
+
+	/* for choosing which mds to send this request to */
+	int r_direct_mode;
+	u32 r_direct_hash;      /* choose dir frag based on this dentry hash */
+	bool r_direct_is_hash;  /* true if r_direct_hash is valid */
+
+	/* data payload is used for xattr ops */
+	struct page **r_pages;
+	int r_num_pages;
+	int r_data_len;
+
+	/* what caps shall we drop? */
+	int r_inode_drop, r_inode_unless;
+	int r_dentry_drop, r_dentry_unless;
+	int r_old_dentry_drop, r_old_dentry_unless;
+	struct inode *r_old_inode;
+	int r_old_inode_drop, r_old_inode_unless;
+
+	struct ceph_msg  *r_request;  /* original request */
+	struct ceph_msg  *r_reply;
+	struct ceph_mds_reply_info_parsed r_reply_info;
+	int r_err;
+
+	unsigned long r_timeout;  /* optional.  jiffies */
+	unsigned long r_started;  /* start time to measure timeout against */
+	unsigned long r_request_started; /* start time for mds request only,
+					    used to measure lease durations */
+
+	/* link unsafe requests to parent directory, for fsync */
+	struct inode	*r_unsafe_dir;
+	struct list_head r_unsafe_dir_item;
+
+	struct ceph_mds_session *r_session;
+
+	int               r_attempts;   /* resend attempts */
+	int               r_num_fwd;    /* number of forward attempts */
+	int               r_num_stale;
+	int               r_resend_mds; /* mds to resend to next, if any*/
+
+	atomic_t          r_ref;
+	struct list_head  r_wait;
+	struct completion r_completion;
+	struct completion r_safe_completion;
+	ceph_mds_request_callback_t r_callback;
+	struct list_head  r_unsafe_item;  /* per-session unsafe list item */
+	bool		  r_got_unsafe, r_got_safe;
+
+	bool              r_did_prepopulate;
+	u32               r_readdir_offset;
+
+	struct ceph_cap_reservation r_caps_reservation;
+	int r_num_caps;
+};
+
+/*
+ * mds client state
+ */
+struct ceph_mds_client {
+	struct ceph_client      *client;
+	struct mutex            mutex;         /* all nested structures */
+
+	struct ceph_mdsmap      *mdsmap;
+	struct completion       safe_umount_waiters, session_close_waiters;
+	struct list_head        waiting_for_map;
+
+	struct ceph_mds_session **sessions;    /* NULL for mds if no session */
+	int                     max_sessions;  /* len of s_mds_sessions */
+	int                     stopping;      /* true if shutting down */
+
+	/*
+	 * snap_rwsem will cover cap linkage into snaprealms, and
+	 * realm snap contexts.  (later, we can do per-realm snap
+	 * contexts locks..)  the empty list contains realms with no
+	 * references (implying they contain no inodes with caps) that
+	 * should be destroyed.
+	 */
+	struct rw_semaphore     snap_rwsem;
+	struct radix_tree_root  snap_realms;
+	struct list_head        snap_empty;
+	spinlock_t              snap_empty_lock;  /* protect snap_empty */
+
+	u64                    last_tid;      /* most recent mds request */
+	struct radix_tree_root request_tree;  /* pending mds requests */
+	struct delayed_work    delayed_work;  /* delayed work */
+	unsigned long    last_renew_caps;  /* last time we renewed our caps */
+	struct list_head cap_delay_list;   /* caps with delayed release */
+	spinlock_t       cap_delay_lock;   /* protects cap_delay_list */
+	struct list_head snap_flush_list;  /* cap_snaps ready to flush */
+	spinlock_t       snap_flush_lock;
+
+	u64               cap_flush_seq;
+	struct list_head  cap_dirty;        /* inodes with dirty caps */
+	int               num_cap_flushing; /* # caps we are flushing */
+	spinlock_t        cap_dirty_lock;   /* protects above items */
+	wait_queue_head_t cap_flushing_wq;
+
+	struct dentry 	  *debugfs_file;
+
+	spinlock_t	  dentry_lru_lock;
+	struct list_head  dentry_lru;
+	int		  num_dentry;
+};
+
+extern const char *ceph_mds_op_name(int op);
+
+extern struct ceph_mds_session *
+__ceph_lookup_mds_session(struct ceph_mds_client *, int mds);
+
+static inline struct ceph_mds_session *
+ceph_get_mds_session(struct ceph_mds_session *s)
+{
+	atomic_inc(&s->s_ref);
+	return s;
+}
+
+extern void ceph_put_mds_session(struct ceph_mds_session *s);
+
+extern int ceph_send_msg_mds(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+			     struct ceph_msg *msg, int mds);
+
+extern void ceph_mdsc_init(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+			   struct ceph_client *client);
+extern void ceph_mdsc_close_sessions(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc);
+extern void ceph_mdsc_stop(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc);
+
+extern void ceph_mdsc_sync(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc);
+
+extern void ceph_mdsc_lease_release(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+				    struct inode *inode,
+				    struct dentry *dn, int mask);
+
+extern struct ceph_mds_request *
+ceph_mdsc_create_request(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc, int op, int mode);
+extern void ceph_mdsc_submit_request(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+				     struct ceph_mds_request *req);
+extern int ceph_mdsc_do_request(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+				struct inode *dir,
+				struct ceph_mds_request *req);
+static inline void ceph_mdsc_get_request(struct ceph_mds_request *req)
+{
+	atomic_inc(&req->r_ref);
+}
+extern void ceph_mdsc_put_request(struct ceph_mds_request *req);
+
+extern void ceph_mdsc_pre_umount(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc);
+
+extern char *ceph_mdsc_build_path(struct dentry *dentry, int *plen, u64 *base,
+				  int stop_on_nosnap);
+
+extern void __ceph_mdsc_drop_dentry_lease(struct dentry *dentry);
+extern void ceph_mdsc_lease_send_msg(struct ceph_mds_session *session,
+				     struct inode *inode,
+				     struct dentry *dentry, char action,
+				     u32 seq);
+
+extern void ceph_mdsc_handle_map(struct ceph_mds_client *mdsc,
+				 struct ceph_msg *msg);
+
+#endif

fs/ceph/mdsmap.c

@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+#include "ceph_debug.h"
+
+#include <linux/bug.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/random.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/types.h>
+
+#include "mdsmap.h"
+#include "messenger.h"
+#include "decode.h"
+
+#include "super.h"
+
+
+/*
+ * choose a random mds that is "up" (i.e. has a state > 0), or -1.
+ */
+int ceph_mdsmap_get_random_mds(struct ceph_mdsmap *m)
+{
+	int n = 0;
+	int i;
+	char r;
+
+	/* count */
+	for (i = 0; i < m->m_max_mds; i++)
+		if (m->m_info[i].state > 0)
+			n++;
+	if (n == 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	/* pick */
+	get_random_bytes(&r, 1);
+	n = r % n;
+	i = 0;
+	for (i = 0; n > 0; i++, n--)
+		while (m->m_info[i].state <= 0)
+			i++;
+
+	return i;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Decode an MDS map
+ *
+ * Ignore any fields we don't care about (there are quite a few of
+ * them).
+ */
+struct ceph_mdsmap *ceph_mdsmap_decode(void **p, void *end)
+{
+	struct ceph_mdsmap *m;
+	int i, j, n;
+	int err = -EINVAL;
+	u16 version;
+
+	m = kzalloc(sizeof(*m), GFP_NOFS);
+	if (m == NULL)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+	ceph_decode_16_safe(p, end, version, bad);
+
+	ceph_decode_need(p, end, 8*sizeof(u32) + sizeof(u64), bad);
+	ceph_decode_32(p, m->m_epoch);
+	ceph_decode_32(p, m->m_client_epoch);
+	ceph_decode_32(p, m->m_last_failure);
+	ceph_decode_32(p, m->m_root);
+	ceph_decode_32(p, m->m_session_timeout);
+	ceph_decode_32(p, m->m_session_autoclose);
+	ceph_decode_64(p, m->m_max_file_size);
+	ceph_decode_32(p, m->m_max_mds);
+
+	m->m_info = kcalloc(m->m_max_mds, sizeof(*m->m_info), GFP_NOFS);
+	if (m->m_info == NULL)
+		goto badmem;
+
+	/* pick out active nodes from mds_info (state > 0) */
+	ceph_decode_32(p, n);
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		u32 namelen;
+		s32 mds, inc, state;
+		u64 state_seq;
+		u8 infoversion;
+		struct ceph_entity_addr addr;
+		u32 num_export_targets;
+		void *pexport_targets = NULL;
+
+		ceph_decode_need(p, end, sizeof(addr) + 1 + sizeof(u32), bad);
+		*p += sizeof(addr);          /* skip addr key */
+		ceph_decode_8(p, infoversion);
+		ceph_decode_32(p, namelen);  /* skip mds name */
+		*p += namelen;
+
+		ceph_decode_need(p, end,
+				 5*sizeof(u32) + sizeof(u64) +
+				 sizeof(addr) + sizeof(struct ceph_timespec),
+				 bad);
+		ceph_decode_32(p, mds);
+		ceph_decode_32(p, inc);
+		ceph_decode_32(p, state);
+		ceph_decode_64(p, state_seq);
+		ceph_decode_copy(p, &addr, sizeof(addr));
+		*p += sizeof(struct ceph_timespec);
+		*p += sizeof(u32);
+		ceph_decode_32_safe(p, end, namelen, bad);
+		*p += sizeof(namelen);
+		if (infoversion >= 2) {
+			ceph_decode_32_safe(p, end, num_export_targets, bad);
+			pexport_targets = *p;
+			*p += sizeof(num_export_targets * sizeof(u32));
+		} else {
+			num_export_targets = 0;
+		}
+
+		dout("mdsmap_decode %d/%d mds%d.%d %s %s\n",
+		     i+1, n, mds, inc, pr_addr(&addr.in_addr),
+		     ceph_mds_state_name(state));
+		if (mds >= 0 && mds < m->m_max_mds && state > 0) {
+			m->m_info[mds].state = state;
+			m->m_info[mds].addr = addr;
+			m->m_info[mds].num_export_targets = num_export_targets;
+			if (num_export_targets) {
+				m->m_info[mds].export_targets =
+					kcalloc(num_export_targets, sizeof(u32),
+						GFP_NOFS);
+				for (j = 0; j < num_export_targets; j++)
+					ceph_decode_32(&pexport_targets,
+					      m->m_info[mds].export_targets[j]);
+			} else {
+				m->m_info[mds].export_targets = NULL;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* pg_pools */
+	ceph_decode_32_safe(p, end, n, bad);
+	m->m_num_data_pg_pools = n;
+	m->m_data_pg_pools = kcalloc(n, sizeof(u32), GFP_NOFS);
+	if (!m->m_data_pg_pools)
+		goto badmem;
+	ceph_decode_need(p, end, sizeof(u32)*(n+1), bad);
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+		ceph_decode_32(p, m->m_data_pg_pools[i]);
+	ceph_decode_32(p, m->m_cas_pg_pool);
+
+	/* ok, we don't care about the rest. */
+	dout("mdsmap_decode success epoch %u\n", m->m_epoch);
+	return m;
+
+badmem:
+	err = -ENOMEM;
+bad:
+	pr_err("corrupt mdsmap\n");
+	ceph_mdsmap_destroy(m);
+	return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+}
+
+void ceph_mdsmap_destroy(struct ceph_mdsmap *m)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < m->m_max_mds; i++)
+		kfree(m->m_info[i].export_targets);
+	kfree(m->m_info);
+	kfree(m->m_data_pg_pools);
+	kfree(m);
+}

fs/ceph/mdsmap.h

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#ifndef _FS_CEPH_MDSMAP_H
+#define _FS_CEPH_MDSMAP_H
+
+#include "types.h"
+
+/*
+ * mds map - describe servers in the mds cluster.
+ *
+ * we limit fields to those the client actually xcares about
+ */
+struct ceph_mds_info {
+	struct ceph_entity_addr addr;
+	s32 state;
+	int num_export_targets;
+	u32 *export_targets;
+};
+
+struct ceph_mdsmap {
+	u32 m_epoch, m_client_epoch, m_last_failure;
+	u32 m_root;
+	u32 m_session_timeout;          /* seconds */
+	u32 m_session_autoclose;        /* seconds */
+	u64 m_max_file_size;
+	u32 m_max_mds;                  /* size of m_addr, m_state arrays */
+	struct ceph_mds_info *m_info;
+
+	/* which object pools file data can be stored in */
+	int m_num_data_pg_pools;
+	u32 *m_data_pg_pools;
+	u32 m_cas_pg_pool;
+};
+
+static inline struct ceph_entity_addr *
+ceph_mdsmap_get_addr(struct ceph_mdsmap *m, int w)
+{
+	if (w >= m->m_max_mds)
+		return NULL;
+	return &m->m_info[w].addr;
+}
+
+static inline int ceph_mdsmap_get_state(struct ceph_mdsmap *m, int w)
+{
+	BUG_ON(w < 0);
+	if (w >= m->m_max_mds)
+		return CEPH_MDS_STATE_DNE;
+	return m->m_info[w].state;
+}
+
+extern int ceph_mdsmap_get_random_mds(struct ceph_mdsmap *m);
+extern struct ceph_mdsmap *ceph_mdsmap_decode(void **p, void *end);
+extern void ceph_mdsmap_destroy(struct ceph_mdsmap *m);
+
+#endif