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@@ -205,8 +205,8 @@ Phone: 701-234-7556
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Tainted kernels:
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Some oops reports contain the string 'Tainted: ' after the program
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-counter, this indicates that the kernel has been tainted by some
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-mechanism. The string is followed by a series of position sensitive
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+counter. This indicates that the kernel has been tainted by some
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+mechanism. The string is followed by a series of position-sensitive
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characters, each representing a particular tainted value.
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1: 'G' if all modules loaded have a GPL or compatible license, 'P' if
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@@ -214,16 +214,25 @@ characters, each representing a particular tainted value.
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MODULE_LICENSE or with a MODULE_LICENSE that is not recognised by
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insmod as GPL compatible are assumed to be proprietary.
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- 2: 'F' if any module was force loaded by insmod -f, ' ' if all
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+ 2: 'F' if any module was force loaded by "insmod -f", ' ' if all
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modules were loaded normally.
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3: 'S' if the oops occurred on an SMP kernel running on hardware that
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- hasn't been certified as safe to run multiprocessor.
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- Currently this occurs only on various Athlons that are not
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- SMP capable.
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+ hasn't been certified as safe to run multiprocessor.
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+ Currently this occurs only on various Athlons that are not
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+ SMP capable.
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+
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+ 4: 'R' if a module was force unloaded by "rmmod -f", ' ' if all
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+ modules were unloaded normally.
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+
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+ 5: 'M' if any processor has reported a Machine Check Exception,
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+ ' ' if no Machine Check Exceptions have occurred.
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+
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+ 6: 'B' if a page-release function has found a bad page reference or
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+ some unexpected page flags.
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The primary reason for the 'Tainted: ' string is to tell kernel
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debuggers if this is a clean kernel or if anything unusual has
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-occurred. Tainting is permanent, even if an offending module is
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-unloading the tainted value remains to indicate that the kernel is not
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+occurred. Tainting is permanent: even if an offending module is
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+unloaded, the tainted value remains to indicate that the kernel is not
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trustworthy.
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